Carl Alexander Heideloff

Carl Alexander Heideloff ( born February 2, 1789 in Stuttgart, † September 28, 1865 in Haßfurt; different spelling: Karl Alexander von Heideloff ) was a German architect and conservationist, his designs created, inter alia, the light flintlock.

Life

1789 Heideloff was born into a family of artists Stuttgart. He was trained by his father Victor Heideloff in the theater and decorative painting and worked under the Stuttgart court painter Johann Baptist Seele and in the fixed architecture under the court architect Nicholas of Thouret. From 1816 paid Heideloff together with his uncle Alois germ ( 1768-1835 ) and his brother Manfred Heideloff ( 1793-1850 ) the representation spaces of Ehrenburg in Coburg in the Empire style. 1821 settled the Swabian artist in Nuremberg. 1830 married Heideloff the Nuremberg merchant's daughter Doris Bartel ( 1795-1851 ). 1831, daughter Aline was born in 1834 the son of Frederick.

In Nuremberg Heideloff operated as an architect, restorer and garden designers. He was also involved in the founding of the Polytechnic School, which went back to a privately maintained by him training institute for the persons employed by craftsmen and where he taught until 1854. In addition, he held a lively literary activity on the crafts and architecture of the Middle Ages. The artist taught himself involved with its restoration in Nuremberg, whose romantic appearance, he had a lasting influence. For this, he received from King Ludwig I of Bavaria in 1837 the title of Royal Conservators; from 1857 he was allowed to call Conservator of Monuments in Franconia. Developed especially in his later years Heideloff an almost missionary zeal to " outlaw architecture of our fathers return ." Medieval architecture and its own new buildings, he finished with a Christian- National Monument term he also spread to landscape planning designs. Strong hard of hearing, the artist moved back to his retirement in 1854 Haßfurt am Main. There he devoted himself with devotion the restoration of the Knights Chapel, whose gigantic expansion plans, however, came to nothing. Recognized and valued as the "veteran " of the Gothic Heideloff died in September 1865 in Haßfurt and was buried in the cemetery of the Knights Chapel.

Heideloff was in his time a well-known artist and architect sought. His clients included Ernst I of Saxe- Coburg- Gotha, Bernhard II of Saxe -Meiningen, Wilhelm von Urach and Prince Hermann von Pueckler. The latter commissioned Heideloff after the death of Friedrich Schinkel, perform the follies in his park Muskau. However, this project fell through.

Work and art- historical classification

Heideloff was an architect, conservationist, artist and art historian. His extensive work in the " old German style " was pivotal for the historicism and reflects the multifaceted romantic medieval reception resist.

Heideloff work in Nuremberg is fundamental for the romantic Nuremberg reception in the 19th and 20th centuries. With our own design approaches, the artist strove to preserve the type of the former imperial city. The new altarpiece to St. Sebald, the Dürer well, the restored portal of Frauenkirche, the utter reconstruction and equipment of the St. Jacob's Church are evidence of his efforts to revive the Gothic style. Just the Nuremberg patrician houses, which were designed according to his plans, showing his efforts to the life world and the needs of the 19th century to bring the medieval architectural style in harmony. For him it is gone it, " to give people in an era marked by political upheavals time a clear, marked by national sentiment and religion of history and thus give them support and attitude ."

With Lichtenstein Castle near Reutlingen (1839-1842) built Heideloff a landmark of the Swabian romance. According to his plans neo-Gothic religious buildings emerged from the 1840s in Schoenaich, Mergelstetten, Sonneberg, Ingolstadt, Leipzig, Oschatz, Schlieffenberg and in Wels, Upper Austria.

Although Heideloff designed preferably, but not exclusively in the old German style. So he built in the Nuremberg Garden Rosenau for the industrialist Johann D. Wiss the Alhambra, a magnificent building in the Indian style and one of the few examples of exoticism in Germany; for the King of Württemberg, he designed in 1840 for the gardens Rosenstein at Cannstatt moreskes a pleasure house. In its place, however, the so-called Wilhelma by Karl Ludwig von Zanth was built. In the classical style of his most successful designs for monuments is held. His design for the Stuttgart Jubiläumssäule 1841 but rejected as too expensive; Years later, however, he was used in a reduced form of Johann Heinrich Strack and August Stiller for the Berlin Victory Column.

Memorial Nursing Initiatives

Together with the draftsman and etcher Georg Christoph Wilder (1797-1855) Heideloff one of the pioneers of historic preservation francs. With Karl Friedrich Schinkel he shared the reputation of having promoted the idea of ​​monuments in Germany decisively. Among its historic preservation initiatives stand out above all the studies on the restoration of Bamberg Cathedral (1830-1834), shows the measures on Rottweiler Holy Cross Minster (1839-1845) and at the Rothenburg St. Jacob's Church ( 1857). Of importance are also the restoration of the Veste Coburg (1837-1844) and at the Knights Chapel in Haßfurt ( 1858-1860 ).

Decorative painting and graphic works

In addition to his numerous buildings and conversions Heideloff created several history paintings in oil, including ten large-format representations from the Bavarian and Brandenburg history for the Orangerie in Ansbach (1945 perished ). The breaks are located in the State Gallery of Stuttgart.

In watercolor pen and ink drawings he created different representations Swabian costumes. This appeared in 1824 in the publishing Ebner Stuttgart as aquatints titled folk costumes of the Kingdom of Württemberg.

He also worked as a model donor / cartoonist of tin figures.

Work

Buildings

• Castle Reinhardsbrunn in the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg
• Schloss Landsberg and the funeral chapel at Meiningen
• Rosenburg castle near Bonn and the Thumenberg at Nuremberg
• Klett'sches house Theresienplatz in Nuremberg, 1823 (1944 wrecked )
• Protestant village church Mergelstetten
• Participation in / preliminary designs for the extension of the town hall ( " food wine-building ") in Nuremberg
• Lichtenstein Castle
• Dürer Pirckheimer Fountain in Nuremberg
• Church of St. Peter in Sonneberg

Writings

Under Heideloff numerous writings are noteworthy:

• The doctrine of the orders of columns. Nuremberg, 1827.
• The small Vignola. Nuremberg, 1832.
• Nuremberg monuments of antiquity. Nuremberg, 1838-1843, 2nd ed 1855.
• The ornamentation of the Middle Ages. Nuremberg, 1838-1852, 24 issues.
• The building works of the Middle Ages. A brief historical presentation with certificates and other supplements. . Nuremberg, 1844, online in the Google Book Search 1849 to 1852, first Curs: Online in the Google Book Search, 2nd Curs online in the Google Book Search, 3/1. Curs: Online in the Google Book Search, Curs: 3/2: Online in the Google Book Search
• The art of the Middle Ages in Swabia. Monuments of architecture, visual art and painting. Stuttgart, 1855. Online in the Google Book Search

Especially the building works of the Middle Ages and The Little Old German testify Heideloff's efforts to penetrate the laws of medieval architecture. This he saw given at a regular octagon, which would have served the medieval stonemasons as a proportion figure. The geometric figure called Achtort, he pointed out too mystical, and brought her to the great mystics Albertus Magnus in conjunction.

Discount

Written estate is located in the archives of Fine Art in the Germanic National Museum. The artistic estate - numerous sketches, breaks and a large-sized adhesive folder - located in the Graphic Collection of the State Gallery of Stuttgart. ( The drawings and watercolors of the 19th century as the collection of the Stuttgart State Gallery, Catalogue, Edit. V. ULRIKE GOFF, Stuttgart 1976, p 83-85. )