Carl Wernicke
Carl Wernicke ( born May 15, 1848 in Tarnowitz, Upper Silesia, † June 15, 1905 in Dörrenberg ), was a German neurologist and psychiatrist. He worked as a professor in Breslau and Halle.
Wernicke discovered in 1874, the sensory speech center (so-called Wernicke's area ) in the brain (after Paul Broca ) is responsible for the understanding of language as opposed to motor Broca's area.
Life
Carl Wernicke was born on 15 May 1848 Tarnowitz in Upper Silesia; his father was Oberbergamt auditor. Wernicke attended the Royal Grammar School in Opole and the Mary Magdalene Gymnasium in Breslau until graduation in 1866. He studied medicine at the University of Breslau and received his doctorate in 1870. As an assistant physician at All Saints at Breslau he habilitated in 1875. Was from 1876 to 1878 he assistant at the psychiatric and mental hospital of the Charité in Berlin. In 1885 he was appointed as associate professor of psychiatry and nervous diseases to Wroclaw and 1890 was appointed full professor. In 1904 he followed a call to Halle. As director of the Halle psychiatric and mental hospital he has worked not quite 3/4 years. On a bike ride through the Thuringian Forest, he was killed on June 13, 1905; yet he suffered several broken ribs and a broken leg chest, creating a pneumothorax developed. These severe injuries he died. His body was cremated in Gotha.
Work
1874 published the 26 -year-old Wernicke a work in which he announced the discovery of sensory aphasia. This work, " a psychological study on an anatomical basis," presents itself as one of the great events in the history of medicine is, both thanks to the observations contained in it, as well as strength of the effects that are expected of her. It was based on the views of Theodor Meynert to the construction, functioning and management systems of the brain that differ in projection systems and association systems. In this way, Wernicke explained the motor aphasia ( Broca, lesion of the third frontal convolution ), the sensory aphasia ( proven by him lesion of the first temporal convolution ) and took a conduction aphasia due to destruction of the linking system to association.
From this view of the scientific activity Wernicke forks in three directions:
- One branch was the anatomy of the central nervous system, especially the brain, in which he always saw the foundation of any clinical work. The result of this research was the first volume of his " textbook of the diseases of the brain " (1881 ), in which he tried to locate especially the herd of neurological diseases.
- Work in the field of brain pathology, the 2nd and 3rd band of the textbook of the diseases of the brain, and mental illness, in his " ground plan of psychiatry " ( 1894-1900 ).
- A large number of smaller publications about: the clinical picture of hemorrhagic polio-encephalitis, the hemiopische pupillary response, the Prädilektionstypus cerebral palsy, along with Ludwig Mann (" Wernicke -man Prädilektionstyp ").
See also: Wernicke's aphasia, Wernicke 's encephalopathy
Most important work
- The aphasic symptom complex. A psychological study on an anatomical basis. Breslau: M. Cohn & Weigert 1874
- Textbook of brain diseases. Vol I-III. Berlin: Theodor Fischer 1881-1883
- Atlas of the brain. With E.Hahn, H.Sachs, P. Schröder, O forester. Berlin: Karger 1897-1903
- Floor plan of Psychiatry in Clinical Lectures. Leipzig: G. Thieme 1900
- Sick ideas from the psychiatric hospital in Wroclaw, Issue 1-3. Wroclaw: Schlettersche bookstore 1899-1900