Cessna CitationJet
In the Citation Jet is a twin-engine business aircraft of the U.S. aircraft manufacturer Cessna, which belongs to the family of aircraft of the Citation. He paved the way for the more modern variants Citation CJ1 , CJ2 , CJ3 and CJ4.
- 4.1 General information
- 4.2 Dimensions
- 4.3 mass information
- 4.4 services
History
The Cessna Citation Jet (Model 525 ) was designed as a replacement for the Citation and Citation I. It was introduced in 1989 and made its maiden flight on 29 April 1991, which was followed by the approval on 16 October 1992 and the first delivery on March 30, 1993. Compared with its predecessors, a supercritical wing with a laminar profile, a T-tail and a EFIS cockpit were introduced. The Cessna CJ has the serial numbers 525-0001 through 0359, followed by the more advanced version CJ1 built.
The Cessna Citation CJ1 (also called a Cessna 525 ) was presented together with the CJ2 1998. It replaced the Cessna Citation Jet and differs mainly by improved electronics and effectiveness. The CJ1 has been replaced by the revised version of the CJ1 . The difference is mainly a further revision of the avionics. The installation of FADEC dropped off at the CJ1 as well as in the larger CJ2 the Schubabweiser on the engines. Because of these changes, the CJ1 ( ) may be flown by one pilot.
The Cessna Citation CJ2 ( Cessna 525A ) was delivered in 2000 for the first time. It differs from the CJ1 especially in length and has a six - rather than five-seat cabin. The CJ2 version was released in April 2006. Similar to the CJ1 is mainly the avionics have been revised, but was increased in the CJ2 also the range. Just as the CJ1 and CJ2 the larger version can be flown by a pilot. Analogous to the numbering of the CJ/CJ1/CJ1 are all Cessna 525A with serial numbers 525A - 0001-0299 such version CJ2, all aircraft with a higher serial number Cessna CJ2 .
The Cessna Citation CJ3 ( Cessna 525B ) was announced and launched in September 2002. After its maiden flight on 17 April 2003, the approval was granted in October 2004. In December of the same year the launch was followed.
The Cessna Citation CJ4 ( Cessna 525C ) completed its first test flight on May 5, 2008. The first production aircraft was on 26 November 2009 its rollout. It is the largest pattern of CJ series, may be flown by a single pilot and is powered by two FJ44 -4A with FADEC. It has five cabin windows on the left and six on the right side. The cockpit is equipped with a glass cockpit Collins Pro Line 21 Rockwell Collins with four color screens. The air conditioning makes it possible to regulate the cabin and cockpit separated. The type certification from the FAA on 24 March 2010 and the first delivery took place on April 20, 2010.
Cessna 525 Citation Jet CJ/CJ1/CJ1
The Citation Jet CJ is a twin-engine low-wing monoplane with a T-tail, which is built by Cessna since 1993. It is powered by ( CJ1 ) the Williams FJ44 - 1AP, which ( 1,961 lbs) produced 8.72 kN of thrust. Meanwhile, the version CJ1 is built. The Cessna CJ1 includes the serial number range 525-0360 to 0599th all aircraft of the Cessna 525 series with a higher serial numbers are the standard CJ1 aircraft.
Engine
The Williams FJ44 - 1AP is a turbofan engine with twin-shaft technology, which is controlled by a FADEC, which relieves the pilot in controlling the engines and beyond the engine protects against damage due to improper handling, where they fuel flow through a Fuel Delivery Unit ( FDU ) controls. The air is compressed in the engine compressor in two sections ( a single-stage axial fan with the low-pressure stage and high pressure radial compressor), mixed with fuel in the combustor and ignited. Expanding the hot air drives the turbine ( the high pressure single-stage and two-stage axial axial low pressure turbine). In each case, the high-pressure ( external hollow shaft) and low pressure components ( inner shaft) by this same two shafts.
Said high pressure shaft is still connected to the accessory gearbox furthermore to which are connected via a transmission in each case a hydraulic or oil- pump, and a generator FDU. This works when starting the engine as a starter, and sets the high-pressure shaft in rotation. By far the greater part of the air is, however, between the engine and sheath accelerated ( fan on low pressure wave), because it is the FJ44 to a so-called bypass engine ( bypass ratio 3.3 / 1). Also, most of the thrust ( about 3 /4) is in these engines produced by the mass of that coat stream ( air through engine shroud ). A turbofan engine is more efficient than a pure turbojet engine, also reduces the mixing of cold bypass flow with hot combustion exhaust gases, noise emissions.
Aircraft control
The Cessna CJ/CJ1/CJ1 has primary and secondary control surfaces. The primary control surfaces are the ailerons, elevator and rudder. These control surfaces are directly controlled by the pilot via cable. To reduce the forces in controlling all the control surfaces are equipped with a trim. To the secondary control at the CJ1 include flaps and airbrakes on the top of the wings. These are hydraulically controlled. The flaps 35 ° or 60 ° can be moved next to the retracted position at 15 °. The flap position 60 ° is used here only on the ground for braking of the aircraft. If the engines are running at low power, the flap position 60 ° moves at the same time from the airbrakes.
Fuel
The Citation Jets can use a variety of fuel derivatives, the most common being the standard version of JET A -1 is refueled. In this fuel type and its specific density, the CJ1 can cause a total 3,446 pounds with it, of which 3,220 pounds are ausfliegbar. The two tanks are located here in the wings. About pumps in the tanks and the engines, the fuel enters the combustion chamber. The pumping of fuel from one tank to the other to compensate for large differences in the level is also possible, the maximum difference in the tanks is 200 pounds.
Hydraulic
The Citation Jet is equipped with a hydraulic system, which in addition to landing and airbrake, the chassis enters and leaves. The hydraulic pressure is generated by two driven by the engines pumps. In addition, the brake system of the main landing gear has not a separate hydraulic system.
De-icing systems
As the Cessna 525 is approved for flights in instrument flight conditions and thus flying through clouds in winter, it is equipped with de-icing systems. Three different systems are used: engine inlets, wing leading edges and front windows are defrosted by hot compressed air ( the so-called bleed air ), the elevator is de-iced by inflatable air cushion at the front edge. For the front wheel in addition a small alcohol stock is ready, which may be used for de-icing. There is also an electrical de-icing for the Anstellwinkelgeber and the sensor for static and total pressure. In order to determine freezing even at night, the left wing can be illuminated.
Importance
In addition to the Learjet, Cessna Citation family is the most successful aircraft in its class. The Cessna Citation Jet series is due to their relatively short range mainly by companies for short distances, for example in Germany, used. Transatlantic flights are not possible. The advantage over comparable aircraft is the short take-off distance, which also allows booting from smaller airports.
Specifications
All Figures are based on the current market version.
General Information
* Single Pilot Certified ( can also be flown by only one pilot). ² Actual operating costs vary depending on the price of aviation fuel, airport charges, cost of spare parts, etc.