Charcoal#Art

The Charcoal is made of charred wooden sticks, or in pressed charcoal powder.

In art, it is a commonly used agent because it is cheap and easy to produce itself and allows good correction capabilities. In addition, you can use it straight and pointed, as well as wide, blurred and picturesque. You walk off strong and blurred slightly, thereby fixing is necessary.

Production

Used different woods such as wine, willow, linden, fruit trees and others. It is important that the timber must be grown uniformly. The coal must not be too soft, but also not be too hard, she lubricates or fragmented else, and it must blacken well. The cut bars must be packed as a bundle in clay or placed in a sealed clay pot. Thereafter, they are baked in an oven slowly. In more recent times, charcoal powder is pressed into rods, which allows various degrees of hardness.

History of use

With charred wood was already drawn since ancient times, many of which are cave drawings testify. Until the Middle Ages, it was more of a tool, such as for sketches or for exercise. Only with the higher estimate of hand drawing at all and developing appropriate fixing methods from the 15th century works were created in this technique, the ultimate goal and were not precursor. Was fixed from then on, either by soaking in a glue bath or by coating with glue. The best method, however, was to pocket the sheet previously applied after drying the coal in order now to soften the glue in water vapor and thereby to complete the fixation. Another option was developed in the mid -16th century in Italy. Thus, the coal was soaked shortly before processing into oil. The bar is fuller and is hardly verwischbar, but which also prevents a correction. In addition, the yellowed oil and so leaves traces. The charcoal drawing is up to the present remained a very common means, but the attachment possibilities have improved by spraying.