Charles IV of Spain

Charles IV (Spanish: Carlos IV, born November 11, 1748 in Portici, † January 20, 1819 in Rome) was King of Spain from December 14, 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808.

Life

Childhood

Charles was the second son of Charles III. and his wife Maria Amalia of Saxony. He was born in Portici, while his father was king of the Two Sicilies. His older brother Philip was passed over in the succession to the throne because he was epileptic and was regarded as retarded as Karl. Karl had the stature and power of Saxony- line of his mother, a granddaughter of Augustus the Strong inherited. In his youth he fought like the strongest men that were to be found. However, he was generally perceived as mentally slow and easily influenced.

Marriage

On September 4, 1765, he married - even as the Prince of Asturias - the thirteen- year-old Maria Luise von Bourbon -Parma, his first cousin. By this marriage the relations between the ruling in Spain and Parma Bourbons should be strengthened. His wife was also as described by Francisco de Goya, the dominant part (Part) in this marriage.

Even as Charles's father was still alive, Mary Louise ran a scheme to settle down the favorite minister of the king, the Count of Floridablanca. Their goal was to use Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, Count of Aranda, in Florida Blancas site.

In 1788 his father, King Charles III died. of Spain, he was appointed as Charles IV, king of Spain and his wife Maria Luisa as consort queen of Spain. They soon began to interfere in the affairs of state and to keep changing lovers.

Manuel de Godoy, an officer of the Spanish Army, from 1788 to 1808 was the lover of the Queen of Spain. With high probability, therefore, are the youngest of the 14 children of Maria Luise not the biological children of her husband, but come from the connection with her lover Manuel de Godoy.

Reign

After Charles had become king in 1788, he worked almost exclusively with hunting. The official business, he left his wife and thus her lover Manuel de Godoy, whom the king despite his role throughout his life very much appreciated.

When the French Revolution shifted the ruling houses of Europe in fear, Karl called excitation Godoy and his wife, the Holy Inquisition to help. He believed deeply in his divine rights and the grandeur of his person. He wanted to appear as a mighty monarch, although France Spain regarded rather as an appendage, and his reign was exercised by his wife and her lover. Spain joined the Continental System of France, but withdrew after the Battle of Trafalgar.

When Napoleon won the battle of Jena and Auerstedt, Godoy sought to renew the alliance with France, but both Napoleon and the Spanish people refused. In Spain, supported Godoy failures the Fernandisten who favored an alliance with England.

Abdication and death

When Charles learned that his son Ferdinand Napoleon had asked for help against Godoy, and French troops invaded Spain, the royal family fled to Aranjuez. On March 17, 1808, the Mutiny of Aranjuez broke out, the king was fixed and forced to arrest Godoy. His son was celebrated on the following day by the people as King Ferdinand VII, but had to give up under pressure from the French on May 6, the crown back. Charles, his wife and Godoy fled to France, where Charles was forced in favor of Napoleon's brother Joseph Bonaparte to abandon the Spanish throne. Karl got a pension awarded and spent the rest of his life traveling with his wife - and her lover Godoy. On January 20, 1819 Charles died in Rome.

Progeny

On September 4, 1765, he married Maria Louise of Bourbon- Parma, with whom he had the following children:

  • Carlos Clemente (1771-1774)
  • Charlotte Joachime of Spain (1775-1830) ∞ 1785 John VI. King of Portugal
  • María Luisa (1777-1782)
  • María Amalia (1779-1798) ∞ her uncle Antonio Pascal (1755-1817)
  • Carlos Domingo (1780-1783)
  • Maria Luisa of Spain (1782-1824) ∞ 1795 Ludwig ( 1773-1803 ), King of Etruria
  • Carlos Francisco (1783-1784)
  • Felipe Francisco (1783-1784)
  • Ferdinand VII (1784-1833) King of Spain
  • Carlos (v. ) ( 1788-1855 ), claimant to the throne
  • Maria Isabel of Spain (1789-1848) ∞ 1802 Francis I King of Sicily
  • María Teresa (1791-1794)
  • Felipe María (1792-1794)
  • Francisco de Paula de Borbón (1794-1865) ∞ 1819 Luisa Carlota of Naples and Sicily

Drive up

King Louis XIV of France (1638-1715) ∞ 1660 Maria Theresa of Spain (1638-1683)

Elector Ferdinand Maria of Bavaria (1636-1679) ∞ 1650 Henriette Adelaide of Savoy (1636-1676)

Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza (1630-1694) ∞ 1664 Isabella d'Este (1635-1696)

Elector Philipp Wilhelm of the Palatinate (1615-1690) ∞ 1653 Elisabeth Amalie of Hesse- Darmstadt (1635-1709)

Elector Johann Georg III. of Saxony (1647-1691) ∞ 1666 Anna Sophie of Denmark and Norway (1647-1717)

Margrave Christian Ernst of Brandenburg- Bayreuth (1644-1712) ∞ 1671 Sophie Luise of Württemberg (1642-1702)

Emperor Leopold I (1640-1705) ∞ 1676 Eleonore Magdalene of the Palatinate (1655-1720)

Duke Johann Friedrich of Brunswick- Calenberg (1625-1679) ∞ 1668 Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate (1652-1730)

Louis le Grand Dauphin (1661-1711) ∞ 1680 Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (1660-1690)

ODOARDO II Farnese, Erbherzog of Parma and Piacenza (1666-1693) ∞ 1690 Dorothea Sophie of the Palatinate (1670-1748)

King Augustus II of Poland (1670-1733) ∞ 1693 Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg -Bayreuth (1671-1727)

Emperor Joseph I (1678-1711) ∞ 1699 Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick- Calenberg (1673-1742)

King Philip V of Spain (1683-1746) ∞ 1714 Elisabetta Farnese (1692-1766)

King August III. of Poland (1696-1763) ∞ 1719 Maria Josepha of Austria (1699-1757)

King Charles III. of Spain (1716-1788) ∞ 1738 Maria Amalia of Saxony (1724-1760)

King Charles IV of Spain

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