Charmoille, Switzerland

Charmoille

Charmoille (French [ ʃaʀmwaj ], in the local dialect [ ʧɛ̝rmwaj / ( ɛ ) ʧɛrmwɛj ]; German Kalmis / Galmis ) is a village and a former municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.

Geography

Charmoille is located on 515 m above sea level. M., 10 km east of the district municipal seat Porrentruy (air line). The former street line village extends to the upper Allaine on the eastern edge of the Ajoie ( German Elsgau ), at the foot of the Jura mountains.

The area of ​​9.2 km ² large former municipal area includes the headwaters of the Allaine in the hills of the northern Jura Mountains between the heights of Les Aidjolats ( 787 m above sea level. M. ) in the south and Mont Perrou ( 765 m above sea level. M. ), Mori Mont ( 751 m above sea level. M. ) and Mont de Miserez (658 m above sea level. M. ) in the north. These heights form the watershed between the basins of the Rhine and the Rhone. In its western section territory extends in the plane of the intensively managed eastern Ajoie. From the municipality surface 1997 4 % came from settlements, 54 % of forest and woody plants and 42% to agriculture.

To Charmoille include the former priory Miserez, 508 m above sea level. M. situated in the plain at the southern foot of Mont de Miserez, the hamlet of La Touillère in the Valley of Allaine east of Charmoille as well as several individual farms. Neighboring communities of Charmoille were Pleigne, Pleujouse, Fregiécourt and Miécourt in the Canton of Jura and Levoncourt, and Oberlarg Lucelle in neighboring France.

Population

With 344 inhabitants ( end of 2007) was Charmoille to the smaller municipalities of the canton of Jura. Of the 89.0% inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 8.9 % and 1.2 % Italian-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Charmoille amounted in 1850 to 599 residents in 1900 to 512 inhabitants. During the 20th century, the population declined steadily.

Economy

Charmoille is thanks to the fertile soil in the area is still agricultural. It is also significant fruit growing, especially cherries, from which the cherry brandy Charmoille is made. In addition, there are still some jobs in the local small businesses. But many of the working commuters and work in the regions Porrentruy or Delémont.

Traffic

Charmoille lies on the international highway of Porrentruy via Lucelle after running. At the pass between Charmoille and Lucelle the junction of the road is after Ferrette in Alsace. Through two post car prices, the village is served by public transport, the one upside of Porrentruy to Asuel, the other from Porrentruy to Lucelle.

History

The village is mentioned 1136/39 as C ( h) almillis, 1173 as Charmayles. The place name is probably a Deminutivbildung * calmicula too late Latin Calmîş, vacant / barren land ' back. Finds of remains of a Gallo- Roman villa in Miserez point to an early settlement of the township.

From the family of nobles of Charmoille came Hugues, who is one of the founders of the monastery Lucelle in the first half of the 12th century. Charmoille told the eventful history of the Ajoie who first came to the Prince-Bishopric of Basel in 1271. The village belonged from the 16th to the 18th century Meier Office All. During the Thirty Years' War, the village was partially destroyed. Between 1793 and 1815 Charmoille belonged to France and was initially part of the département du Mont- Terrible, associated from 1800 with the Department of Haut -Rhin. By the decision of the Congress of Vienna, the place came in 1815 to the canton of Bern and on 1 January 1979 at the newly founded Canton Jura. The municipality was merged with effect from 1 January 2009 Asuel, Fregiécourt, Miécourt and Pleujouse the new municipality of La Baroche.

Attractions

The church of Saint -Etienne dates from 1760, but was later renovated several times. The parish Charmoille, which also bears the name La Baroche, 1779 directly to the first of the Ajoie the Bishop of Basel. The former school, a building of 1854, represents the neo-classical style and is equipped with a hipped roof and tower. In the village there are characteristic farmhouses from the 19th century.