Check dam

As a torrent or white water control structures structural measures in river engineering are designated to be at eradicating caused by torrents hazards or at least reduced and controlled. Several measures are combined.

  • 3.1 Germany
  • 3.2 Austria
  • 3.3 Switzerland

Historical

For the first time the problem of torrents employed in 1808 Johann Georg of Aretino, then Bavarian road and water inspector in Tyrol; He published his ideas in the works About Mountain Falls and the means to prevent the same, or at least to reduce their harmfulness. 1826 followed, also in Tirol, Josef Duile whose book about development along streams in mountain countries also contained already specific technical and biological measures obstruction and detailed concepts for the financing of measures obstruction.

Measures

Collection hopper

In the collection funnel ( watershed ) of the stream to a targeted reforestation has proven to halt the erosion stop. The tree roots the soil is fixed and the water can seep better than on grasslands.

Gutter

Corrective action in the gutter aim at a reduction of the flow rate of water through structural measures. By rubble locks, stairs, Sohlgurte / sills and dikes of wood and / or concrete transport capacity, but also the depth of erosion is curbed.

Alluvial fans

Corrections in alluvial fans are primarily the rapid discharge of water and sediment. Where space conditions allow it to be built at the beginning of the alluvial sediment traps to separate the water from the sediment and retain debris and rubble. The sediment traps should be regularly cleared in the sequence. The water is discharged through a duct as straight as possible.

Since alluvial fans (often simultaneously mouth of the creek into a lake ) are populated mostly today, must also building in the immediate danger zone can be prevented with spatial restructuring.

Known torrent control

Germany

  • Pöllat

Austria

  • Schesatobel, brush

Switzerland

  • Gürbe ( destroyed by a flood in 1990 and rebuilt in the sequence according to the latest knowledge )
  • Küsnachter Dorfbach
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