Chinese Eastern Railway

The Chinese Eastern Railway (Russian Китайско - Восточная железная дорога, КВЖД ) ( since August 1945 - Chinese Changchun Railway, Russian Чанчуньская железная дорога, 1953 - Harbin Railway ) known as Trans-Manchurian Railway, is a railroad highway in Northeast China, which by the territory of Manchuria leads and Chita to Vladivostok and Dalian Lüshunkou (formerly Port Arthur) connects.

History

Construction

It was built from 1897 to 1903 as part of Russian Railways and the Trans -Siberian Railway. At that time belonged to Manchuria as part of the costs borne by the Western powers open door policy in China on the influence area of the Russian Empire. A rapid succession of different difficulties left the building costs skyrocket: 1899 as well as 1901 and 1902 cholera broke bubonic plague among the workers of. In 1900 they destroyed some 700 kilometers of track, as they joined the Boxer Rebellion. Only after the Russian defeat in the Russo- Japanese War in 1905 and the consequent loss of influence zone of completely lying on Russian territory bypass section of the Trans-Siberian railway was built. The Chinese Eastern Railway lost so much more important.

The first president of this railroad company was the Chinese diplomat and later Senior Vice President of the Board of Civil Office, Xu Jingcheng. Before commissioning of the railway Xu, however, was executed during the Boxer Rebellion in July 1900.

After the conquest of Manchuria by Japan and the founding of the Empire Manchukuo as a Japanese vassal state of the original 1,524 mm scale in the Russian broad gauge line was umgespurt to the otherwise usual in China standard gauge of 1,435 mm from 1931.

Transfer of the railway to China

On 14 February 1950, the Treaty of Friendship and Mutual Assistance between the USSR and the PRC, the agreement on the Chinese Changchun Railway and the granting of a short-term loan to China was signed in Moscow. 1952 was completed in the history of the Chinese Eastern Railway with the handover of the Chinese Changchun Railway to China, the Russian chapter.