Chloramine

Chloramine

About -70 ° C ( 97%, containing NH3)

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Monochloramine is a chemical compound that is used as a disinfectant and belongs to the group of chloramines. In pure form monochloramine is unstable and decomposes at temperatures of from about -110 ° C; from -40 ° C, the decomposition proceeds to violently explode. At low pressures, as well as in dilute solutions, it is stable.

Occurrence

Monochloramine is formed by reaction of chlorine with the nitrogen-containing compounds, for example in swimming pools.

Production and representation

Can be monochloramine obtained by reaction of ammonia (or ammonia compounds ) with hypochlorous acid to slightly alkaline conditions:

The use of chlorine is less advisable, due to the formation of explosive Stickstofftrichlorids as a byproduct.

Use

Monochloramine is used in low concentration in the United States as a disinfectant in water systems as an alternative to chlorination. Further monochloramine is an important intermediate in the synthesis of hydrazine according to the Raschig process. Monochloramine is formed with phenols in the presence of a catalyst indophenol blue, which can be used as evidence.

Safety

Monochloramine is toxic to certain species of fish.