Chlorination

As chlorination refers to a chemical reaction, in which with the aid of a chlorinating agent, the element chlorine is introduced into a chemical compound that mainly in organic chemistry. It is a kind of the halogenation.

Chlorinating

The chlorinating agent are used:

• Chlorine
• Hydrochloric
• Antimony pentachloride
• Hypochlorous acid
• N-chlorosuccinimide
• Phosphorus oxychloride
• Phosphorus pentachloride
• Phosphorus trichloride
• Sulfuryl chloride
• Carbon tetrachloride
• Thionyl chloride

And Others

Types of chlorination

Chlorination can be done in two ways in principle:

• By adding ( electrophilic addition or radical addition )
• By substitution ( electrophilic substitution or radical substitution )

In addition, a distinction is

• Photochlorination ( chain reaction )

Of the

• Catalyzed chlorination.

Examples

• Electrophilic Addition: chlorination of ethene with hydrogen chloride

• Radical Addition: chlorination of ethylene with chlorine under the action of light

• Electrophilic Substitution: chlorination of benzene with chlorine and aluminum chloride as catalyst

• Radical substitution: chlorination of methane with chlorine under the action of light

Similar terms

Chlorination of organics is not to be confused with the chlorination in metallurgy and moreover, not to be confused with the chlorination of water to disinfect, antifelt finishing of wool for the purpose or for the purpose of bleaching. In English, all three terms are reproduced with chlorination.

Swell

• J. Falbe, M. Regitz (ed.): Encyclopedia of chemistry Rompp. 10th edition, Thieme, Stuttgart and New York, 1996-1999.
• K.-H. Lautenschlager et al. Paperback chemistry. 19th edition, Harri German, Frankfurt am Main, 2002. Pp. 579-585.