Chlorphenamine

  • Chlorpheniramine
  • 3 - (4 -chlorophenyl) -N, N -dimethyl- 3-( 2-pyridyl) propylamine (IUPAC)

R06AB04

Antihistamine

130-135 ° C ( chlorpheniramine maleate · )

142 ° C ( 0.13 kPa ) ( chlorpheniramine )

Risk

118 mg · kg -1 ( LD50, Rat, oral, chlorpheniramine )

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Chlorphenamine ( chlorpheniramine also ) is a first-generation antihistamine, which chemically belongs to the group of alkyl amines. As a medicine, the maleate salt is used ( chlorphenamine maleate ). It is listed in the WHO list of essential drugs in veterinary medicine it is used.

Effects

Chlorphenamine acts on H1 - receptor antagonist, thereby counteracts allergic symptoms such as skin redness, itching, conjunctivitis and rhinitis.

Chlorpheniramine also inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in nerve endings (serotonin -norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors ), which makes it has an antidepressant effect, although this use no human studies exist. However, since the affinity for the SERT with a Ki of 31 nM corresponds approximately to the affinity of imipramine and thus is 30 times weaker than citalopram, are therapeutic in the context, ie. anti histaminer doses ( <10 mg) to expect any antidepressant effects or side effects of SERT inhibition.

One adverse effect that occurs primarily a sedative effect, which affects the ability to drive. An overdose may result in anticholinergic syndrome with facial flushing, agitation, hallucinations, dry mouth, fever, and cramps. It must also be considered under special conditions of a proarrhythmogenen potency ( torsade de pointes tachycardias ).

Pharmacokinetics

The bioavailability is less than 50 %, the plasma protein binding is approximately 70%, the duration of three to six hours. The degradation takes place mainly in the liver by hydroxylation and conjugation. The volume of distribution is relatively high, three to seven liters per kilogram body weight. The plasma half-life is shorter for 15-30 hours in children.

Trade names

Balkis rhinitis capsules New ( D); Trimeton (I)

Benical (CH), Fluimucil flu (CH), Grippostad C ( D, A), migraine Kranit (CH), Pecto Baby (CH), Rhinipront (CH), Solmucalm (CH), Trio Caps (CH)

CAS registry number PubChem Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System DrugBank Dangerous Substances Directive (67/548/EEC) Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor Conjugated system
184492
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