Christian Dietrich Grabbe

Christian Dietrich Grabbe ( born December 11, 1801 in Detmold, † September 12, 1836 ) was a playwright of the pre-March period.

Grabbe was next to Georg Büchner 's most important innovators of the German drama of his time. He was influenced by Shakespeare and the Sturm und Drang. In his ambitious dramas that overtaxed the former theater and stage technique with its crowd scenes and rapid scene changes, he disbanded the strict form of classical drama into a sequence loosely connected scenes and was a pioneer of realism on the stage. In his plays, he designed a disillusioning to pessimistic world view with partially shrill scenes.

After his death, first forget Grabbe's work was rediscovered in parts of the dramatists of naturalism and expressionism. Worship he found as a national poet under National Socialism, the surviving him anti-Semitic statements, sporadic anti-Jewish passages in his plays (especially Cinderella ) and the national trend of its materials (especially The Hermannsschlacht ) were added to ideological points of contact. Especially in the 1930s, several streets were named after Grabbe.

The city of Detmold awards since 1994 at irregular intervals along with the Grabbe Society and the National Association lip the Christian Dietrich Grabbe - price for new dramatic literature.

Life

Grabbe was the son of a prison warden to the world. Even as a high school student in Detmold he undertook with 16 years of the first attempts as a dramatist. A grant from the Princess enabled him in 1820 to study law in Leipzig, which he continued in 1822 in Berlin. In Berlin he met Heinrich Heine know. After graduating in 1823 he tried in vain to get a job at a German theater as an actor or director. He returned to Detmold and put in the following year his State Law Exam.

The attempts to find a job as a lawyer in Detmold, were initially unsuccessful, until 1826, he took over the unpaid representation of a diseased Auditeurs, whose successor he became a salaried 1828. 1829 took place in Detmold with Don Juan and Faust, the only performance of his plays during his lifetime. As of 1831, the health Grabbe deteriorated rapidly, the consequences of his alcoholism became visible ( a characteristic of Grabbe's alcohol consumption episode from the autumn of 1828 has been described by Georg fine ). An engagement with Henriette Meyer was solved by this, when Grabbe again Louise Christiane Clostermeier turned that had already once rejected him.

In 1833 he married Louise Christina Clostermeier, but the marriage quickly proved unhappy. In 1834 he gave up his office. He traveled via Frankfurt am Main, where he fell out with his publisher to Dusseldorf. Today's post-war building in the Knights Road 21 shows a stone tablet, which refers to his former residence. There he worked with Karl Immerman, whom he had met in 1831, at the renewed from this theater. However, this cooperation did not last long because of the depression and binge drinking Grabbe. In 1836 he returned once to Detmold; his wife filed for divorce. In the same year Grabbe died in his hometown of spinal tuberculosis.

Importance

During applies Herzog Theodor von Gothland as one of the most impressive debut works of a German poet and even then shocked by his penetrating nihilism today Napoleon or a hundred days and Hannibal especially appreciated as an important dramas of the pre-March period, as they provide a realistic, heterogeneous picture of history. Scherz, Satire, Irony and Deeper Meaning is played as one of the most effective German comedies today frequently. Because Grabbe conscious disregard dramaturgical and stage engineering principles to the staging of his plays designed but still difficult. Above all, Napoleon drama, through its high figure number, changing locations and cinematic -looking battle scenes every stage with great challenges. The Theatre New Stage Senftenberg in Senftenberg resulted in the fall of 2009 during the 6th Gluckauf hard GRAB (B ) E! in several theater nights, many of his pieces again. The evening was opened with Latchinians piece Grabbe's grave. Then in parallel in different venues of the theater (Studio, page magazine, Circus Tent ) The Herrmann battle, Hannibal and Napoleon or one hundred days were played. Was ended the evening with a joke, satire, irony and deeper significance.

Works

• Herzog Theodor von Gothland. Tragedy, completed 1822. Vienna premiere in 1892.
• Scherz, Satire, Irony and Deeper Meaning. Comedy written in 1822, amendments up to 1827. Premiere in Munich in 1907.
• Nannette and Mary. Melodrama, emerged in 1823, world premiere Kettwig 1914.
• Marius and Sulla. Dramatic fragment, created from 1823 to 1827. Premiere Detmold 1936.
• About the Shakspearo - mania. Theatre Critical essay, originated in 1827.
• Don Juan and Faust. Tragedy, completed 1828th premiere Detmold in 1829.
• Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. Drama, first part of Hohenstaufen cycle, completed in 1829. Premiere Schwerin 1875.
• Emperor Henry VI. Drama, second part of the Hohenstaufen cycle, completed in 1829. Premiere Schwerin 1875.
• Something about the correspondence between Schiller and Goethe. Literature critical essay, written in June 1830, excerpts in print in Hermann. A central organ for Rhineland- Westphalia (21 June 1835).
• Napoleon or the one hundred days. Drama, completed 1831st ( digitized and full text in German Text Archive ) World Premiere in Frankfurt am Main in 1895.
• Kosciuzko. Dramatic fragment, premiere created in 1835. Gelsenkirchen 1941.
• Cinderella. Comedy, first version completed in 1829, 2nd version completed in 1835. Premiere Detmold 1937.
• Hannibal. Tragedy, completed in 1835. Premiere in Munich 1918.
• The Cid. Libretto for an opera planned by Norbert Burgmuller, premiere created in 1835. Loipfing / Isen 2002.
• The Hermann Battle. Drama, created 1835-1836. Premiere outdoor theater Nettelstedt 1934.
• Letters. Ed. and m. e epilogue provided Lothar von Ehrlich. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 1995.