Christopher I, Margrave of Baden-Baden

Margrave Christoph I of Baden (* November 13, 1453 in Baden -Baden, † March 19 1527 in the castle Hohenbaden / Baden- Baden) reigned from 1475 to 1515 in 1503 he united the rule of the extinct Baden branch line Hachberg - Sausenberg again. the Baden heartlands.

Life

Christoph I of Baden was the son of the Margrave Karl I of Baden and Catherine of Austria, the sister of Emperor Frederick III.

Christoph received a comprehensive education in Speyer and Freiburg. From May to November 1468, he undertook together with Eberhard von Württemberg- Urach a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, where he and his noble companions 24 was fought on July 12, 1468 in the Holy Sepulchre to the Knights of the Holy grave.

In 1476, he initially joined together with his brother Albrecht his reign as Margrave of. This was awarded in 1476 the county Hochberg as an inheritance, so that Christoph date from which the Margrave dignity held alone.

This inheritance with his brother Albrecht was initially limited to six years, but was perpetuated in 1482 with a final rule. However, Albrecht gave his share immediately against a pension payment to Christoph back, so that the territory de facto remained undivided. When Albrecht died childless in 1488, fell castle and lordship Hochberg finally back to Christopher.

The applied through his mother close relationship with the House of Habsburg certain Christopher reign. Just a year before his accession he helped Friedrich III. with troops against Charles the Bold. Under Maximilian I. He earned a reputation as a brave and successful commander, especially in the Netherlands. The Emperor retaliated with the transfer of dominions in the west of the empire (including the governorship to Luxembourg ) and the 1491 were made in Mechelen inclusion in the exclusive Order of the Golden Fleece.

1489 Christopher was a member of the Swabian League. This acquiesced in his efforts to find a peaceful coexistence with its neighbors (especially with Württemberg and the cities of Strasbourg and Weil ) a. Under the protection of this country southwest German peace Christoph brought forward the inner expansion of his territory.

Christoph built the " New Castle " of Baden- Baden and took him in 1479 in his residence.

The Röttelsche genitals and the succession dispute

On 31 August 1490 Prince Philip of Hachberg - Sausenberg and Christoph entered into a contract of inheritance, the so-called " Röttelsche genitals ". Already 1490 - 1493 transferred Philip of Hachberg - Sausenberg the administration of his dominions Baden to Christoph. When, on September 9, 1503 Philip, the last descendant of the Marquis of Hachberg - Sausenberg, died without a male heir, whose dominions were Rötteln, Sausenberg and Badenweiler to Christoph.

Christoph occupied the inherited areas quickly and settled homage. So he made the fragmentation of the possessions of the house of Baden reversed and Rounded his territory.

Philip's daughter Johanna was after the death of her father Countess of Neuchâtel and married in 1504 Louis of Orléans, the marquis de Rothelin also called himself. She argued with the help of some federal levels and the Kingdom of France claims to the dominions of Baden. After the death of Joan ( 1543) also called her son François continue marquis de Rothelin and founded the branch line Orléans - Rothelin. The dispute with this line was only in 1581 settled with the payment of 225 000 guilders.

Even the House of Austria made ​​a claim as Landgrave of Breisgau. This dispute was not until 1741 definitely settled and claimed the house of Baden- Durlach again 230 000

Transfer from the government to his worldly sons

Physically and mentally weakened, he had in 1515 the regency to his sons Bernhard, Philip and Ernst cede. The 1503 proposed by him and to the Margrave Hans Baldung panel set into the picture successor ( Philipp sole heir ), he could not prevail. 1516, he was placed under the guardianship of his sons; He died in 1527 in mental derangement.

When Philip died in 1533 without an heir, his two brothers divided the inheritance among themselves. This arose from the 1533 margravates Baden-Durlach and Baden -Baden. It was not until 1771 the country was united ( after the extinction of Baden -Baden line) under Margrave Karl Friedrich by inheritance contract again.

Portraits

Especially Hans Baldung painted several depictions of the prince. 2006 made ​​Baldung called Margrave panel, a votive picture, the Christoph shows with his family in front of St. Anne, a sensation, as it turned out, that this temporarily occupied by the family of the Margrave of Baden work since 1930 part of the country.

To 1490 in the Baden State Library custody as handwriting " Durlach 1" Book of Hours Christopher was created in a Paris workshop, a magnificent manuscript.

Coins showed his likeness, but also a 1519 donated for the Augustinian monastery in Zurich glass. Another glass pane is part of the collection of the Duke of Württemberg in Altshausen.

The motto of the ruler was: Triw VND STET EVERLASTING ( on a 1/8 Güldener of 1501 ) or Tsoe what will be resolve with Triw STET ON END ( as in the Book of Hours).

Marriage and issue

Margrave Christoph married on January 30, 1469 in Koblenz Ottilie von Katzenelenbogen, the granddaughter of Count Philip of Katzenelenbogen.

From this connection the following children have emerged:

  • Ottilie (* June 6, 1470, † 1490 ), abbess to Pforzheim
  • Jacob (* June 6, 1471, † April 27, 1511 in Cologne); from 1503 Archbishop of Trier
  • Marie ( * July 2, 1473; † January 9, 1519 ); Abbess in the monastery Lichtenthal
  • Bernhard ( * April 7, 1474, † June 29, 1536 ); later reigning Margrave
  • Karl ( * June 21, 1476; † October 7, 1510 in Strasbourg ); Canon in Strasbourg and Trier
  • Christoph (* July 21, 1477, † March 29, 1508 in Durlach ); Canon in Strasbourg and Cologne
  • Philipp ( born November 6, 1479 † September 17, 1533 ); later reigning Margrave
  • Rudolf ( born June 16, 1481 † September 23, 1532 ); Canon of Mainz, Cologne, Strasbourg and Augsburg
  • Ernst ( born October 7, 1482 Pforzheim, † February 6, 1553 in Sulzburg ); later reigning Margrave
  • Wolfgang (* May 10, 1484, † June 24, 1522 )
  • Sibylle (* April 26, 1485; † July 10, 1518 in Willstaett ) ∞ January 24, 1505 Count Philip III. of Hanau- Lichtenberg ( * October 18, 1482, † May 15 1538 )
  • Rosine (* March 5, 1487, † October 29th 1554 in village guard )
  • Johann († June 19, 1490 in Luxembourg )
  • Beatrix (* January 22, 1492, † April 4, 1535 ) ∞ 1508 Count Palatine John II of simmering (* March 21, 1492, † May 18 1557 )
  • Georg (* July 1, 1493; † November 16, 1493 )
Baden-Baden Charles I, Margrave of Baden-Baden Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor Albert, Margrave of Baden-Hachberg Philip of Hachberg-Sausenberg Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden Ottilie of Katzenelnbogen Philip I, Count of Katzenelnbogen Jakob von Baden Bernhard III, Margrave of Baden-Baden Philip I, Margrave of Baden Ernest, Margrave of Baden-Durlach Sibylle of Baden Philip III, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg Starzach Beatrice of Baden John II, Count Palatine of Simmern Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
188300
de