Churubusco
Churubusco is a district of Mexico City. The name Churubusco is an interpretation of the Spanish conquistadors. In the language of the Aztecs ( Nahuatl ) the place Huītzilōpōchco, ie place of Huitzilopochtli was called.
History
In pre-Hispanic times Huitzilopochco was a separate town and was on an island in Lake Texcoco. It formed together with Mexicaltzinco and Ixtapalapa and the main town Culhuacan domination zone of Colhua. To Huitzilopochco ( colonial time: San Mateo ) were among the smaller districts Ahuehuetitlan (San Miguel), Atlauhco, Cotzotlan (San Pedro), Huecohuacan (San Juan ), Chilac, Pochtlan (Santa María delos Angeles ), Teopanzolco, Tzapotlan, Xcalco, Aticpac and Tepetocan. The eponymous for the location of important shrine of Huitzilopochtli was in Teopanzolco ( Nahuatl: Where the old / large temple stands ). About the island Huitzilopochco was the causeway, which Tenochtitlan, capital of the Aztecs, linked to the mainland in the south.
The first known ruler of the city was Huitzilatzin, a grandson of Huitzilihuitl. At this time the city had about 15,000 inhabitants who made their living from the cultivation of fruits, flowers, the extraction of salt from the Lake Texcoco and the processing of hummingbird feathers.
When Hernán Cortés besieged Tenochtitlan in 1521, the Aztec city Huitzilopochco was razed to the ground. Cortés awarded the encomienda to the conquistador Bernardino Vázquez de Tapia, the author of a report on the events of the conquest, the encomienda remained in the family, except for a brief interruption. Since 1580 the Franciscans built with the stones of the ruined Huitzilopochtli temple a monastery on the island in Pochtlan.
On August 20, 1847, came in the Mexican-American War to a battle between General Winfield Scott and General Antonio López de Santa Anna.
Under President Benito Juárez the monastery in 1869 was taken over by the state and set up a hospital for infectious diseases. In 1917 began with the conversion of the former monastery into a museum, which opened in 1921. Theme of the museum are the armed intervention of foreign powers in Mexico from 1829 until 1916. Franciscan monastery was also made available again and contains an important collection of religious art from the 17th and 18th centuries. There, the Instituto Nacional de Antropologia e Historia also maintains the National School of Conservation, Restoration and museum design.
When Mexico City was expanding more and more into the middle of the 20th century, the place Churubusco was included from the capital city and a district. Today Churubusco is in the south of the district capital and belongs to the district of Coyoacán.