Cigar#Cuban cigars

Habano (male, because " el cigarro .... " ) ( in the German language as a Havana cigar or short the Havana ), is the name given to a native of Cuba and made ​​from Cuban tobacco cigar. The exclusive distributor of these cigars is located at the company Habanos SA. She has inherited its name from the city of Havana, where was the main port for the export of cigars abroad. Also there are the famous manufactories for the production of ' Habanos '.

The name is reserved for Habano cigars of at least three grams of weight, which are manufactured in Cuba under defined quality criteria of the local tobacco industry and of black tobacco grown in different regions of Cuba, which are also protected by its designation of origin, consist. The more expensive brands of Habano be rolled out exclusively by hand, the cheaper partly by machine.

Cultivation and processing of tobacco

Growing areas

Main growing area for Habanotabak is the province of Pinar del Río, in the extreme western Cuba. Here rainfall, soil composition and temperature are ideal.

The growing area for the best tobacco is located in the Vuelta Abajo region, which extends around the city of Pinar del Río, San Luis and San Juan y Martínez. However, even here a quarter acreage for the cultivation of tobacco for Havana are just suitable.

Another growing area called Semi Vuelta located around Consolation del Sur, also still in the province of Pinar del Río. Only a small percentage of the local tobacco production but is used for the production of Habanos.

Around San Antonio de los Baños in the province of Havana is the growing area Partido. The area was discovered in the early 17th century for growing tobacco. Like Semi Vuelta Partido specializes in the cultivation of cover sheets for the Habanos.

The most easterly located tobacco growing region for the Habanos is called Vuelta Arriba and is bisected into two areas:

  • Remedios, the south of the same city in the province of Villa Clara to just before the town of Trinidad Sancti Spiritus Province extends into the: the largest and oldest tobacco growing area. The attached here tobacco has its own distinctive flavor and is used only for a single Habano brand: the José L. Piedra.
  • Oriente: Here Columbus landed in 1492 and discovered also the Cuban tobacco. Even today, tobacco is grown here, which is not used for the production of Habanos.

Cultivation methods

There are two fundamentally different methods of cultivation of tobacco leaves.

  • In the Shadow ( Plan ), the bracts are grown. The cotton tarpaulins to prevent direct rays of the sun and at the same time preserve the heat. The tobacco leaves are taller and thinner - perfect for the wrappers of cigars.
  • The tobacco filler and the binder mature in direct sunlight. Draus results of different tobacco flavors, which is later used to compose different Havana brands.

The growing season begins in the summer heat of the months of June / July and lasts for nine months. The time between the first sowing and final harvest is 19 weeks for the plants that mature Plan and 16 weeks for sun-ripened plants. The soil must be plowed before carefully so that it has maximum looseness. The seedlings are pre-cultured on special beds. After they have grown to a size of 13 to 15 centimeters, they are planted on the actual tobacco fields. About 40 days later can then be started with the harvest. Per plant two to three leaves are always ready to harvest at the same time. However, the Abernte a tobacco plant drags on for about 30 days.

Processing

After harvesting the tobacco leaves need some months to years in some cases even the special treatment to them from a Havana cigar can be made. First they need to mature in the traditional way in tobacco houses, where they are fully exposed to the local climate. Light and ventilation are constantly monitored and adjusted to compensate for natural variations in temperature and humidity can.

With the completion of this work, the tobacco leaves are placed in bundles to the first fermentation. This is imperative for the quality of the cigars. In this case, foreign substances are exuded from the tobacco leaves, acid, tar and nicotine reduced.

After the sorting and classification of tobacco leaves is done. The relevant criteria are size, color and structure. The cover sheets here deserves the most attention. They are divided into 50 categories to ensure that only the best bracts adorn a Habano. Sun-ripened leaves are divided into three size classes and three taste categories: ligero (light), seco (dry), volado ( irascible ). The category Volado are the lowest and smallest leaves of a tobacco plant, also Fortaleza 1 ( level 1) called. The mean, come larger in the Seco category. They have a good flavor and have average strength (Fortaleza 2). They are usually used as a binder. The highest, greatest, form the category Ligero (Fortaleza 3). Discarded Tobacco leaves, which can not withstand the quality standards are used for non- Havana cigars and cigarettes.

Habano brands

  • Cuaba
  • Trinidad
  • San Cristóbal de La Habana
  • Fonseca
  • Diplomáticos
  • Sancho Panza
  • Rafael González
  • La Gloria Cubana
  • El Rey del Mundo
  • Flor de Cano
  • Cabañas
  • Los Statos de Luxe
  • Troya
  • Gispert
  • Belinda
  • Vegueros
  • Por Larrañaga
  • Quai d' Orsay
  • Juan López
  • Ramón Allones
  • Saint Luis Rey
  • Guantanamera
Remedios, Cuba Trinidad, Cuba Cohiba (cigar brand) Montecristo (cigar) Romeo y Julieta (cigar) Trinidad (cigar) El Rey del Mundo (cigar) Guantanamera (cigar)
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