City gate

A gate was up to the early modern period of the most specially reinforced passage through the annular wall of a city. Towers and gates were next to the city wall to protect the town center towards enemies.

Description

The city gates were often secured with a drawbridge, which bridged the built- in wall ring moat. Additional protection is offered lowerable wood or iron railings and mighty oak doors.

In the 19th century representative city gates were built with no military function, but, for example, collection of customs duties or for the control of sleep - " Torsperre " ( " just before the final whistle " ) called - were used. These were often decorated in classic and representative design. This Torsperre was lifted at the end of the 19th century successively in each city.

Today, many city gates serve as a symbol of a city and are a magnet for tourists. Other former locations of gates are important urban spaces without the appropriate gatehouse still exist.

City gates (selection)

Europe

In chronological order:

  • Lion's Gate (13th century BC) in Mycenae, Greece
  • Porta Nigra (180 AD) in Trier, Germany
  • North Gate (3rd century ) in Cologne, Germany
  • Porta San Paolo ( 4th century), in Rome, Italy
  • Golden Gate (1017-1024, reconstructed ) in Kiev, Ukraine
  • Westertor ( 1150, rebuilt several times ) in Memmingen, Swabia in Bavaria
  • The Golden Gate ( 1164, reconstructed ) in Vladimir, Russia
  • St. Martin's (1202 ) and Schwabentor (1250 ) in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany,
  • Eigelsteintorburg (1228-1248), Hahnentorburg (early 13th century)
  • Severinstorburg ( early 13th century ) in Cologne, Germany
  • German Gate ( 1230) the fortress of Metz, France
  • Marschiertor (around 1257 ) and Ponttor (14th century) in Aachen, Germany
  • Kropeliner Gate ( 1270 ) in Rostock, Germany
  • Gevangenpoort ( 1296 ) in The Hague, Netherlands
  • Tangermünder Gate ( 13th century) and Uenglinger gate in Stendal, Germany
  • Linzertor (13th century) in Freistadt, Austria
  • Old Gate ( 13./16. Century) in Speyer, Germany
  • Stargarder Gate ( 1311 ), Treptower Tor, Friedländer Gate, New Gate to the walled city of Neubrandenburg, Germany
  • Florian (early 14th century) in Krakow, Poland
  • Witch Tower (early 14th century) in Jülich, Germany
  • Isar Gate ( 1337) in Munich, Germany
  • Amsterdam Gate ( 1355 ) in Haarlem, The Netherlands
  • Kreuztor ( 1385 ) in Ingolstadt, Germany
  • Klever Tor ( 1393 ) in Xanten, Germany
  • Spalen (14th century ) and St. Alban-Tor ( 1362 ) in Basel, Switzerland
  • Fahrtor (14th century) in Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • Stone Gate (14th century) in Goch, Germany
  • Eschenheim tower (1400-1428) at the current location with the name Eschenheim gate in Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • Bayertor ( 1425) in Landsberg am Lech, Germany
  • Great Crane (1442-1444) in Gdansk, Poland
  • Grendeltor ( 1445 ) in Zurich, Switzerland
  • Mill Gate ( mid 15th century) in Stargard, Poland
  • Holsten ( 1478) in Lübeck, Germany
  • Exit at the Möllen Bailiwick ( 1493 ) in Magdeburg, Germany
  • Jerusalem Gate ( 1503) in Budingen, Germany
  • Karlstor ( 1569/70 ) in St. Gallen, Switzerland
  • Nauen Gate (1755 ) in Potsdam, Germany
  • Karlstor ( 1775-1781 ) in Heidelberg, Germany
  • Brandenburg Gate (1788-1791) in Berlin, Germany

Outside Europe

In chronological order:

  • Ishtar Gate ( 605-562 BC ) of Babylon, reconstruction in the Ancient Near East Museum in Berlin
  • Gate of China (14th century) in Nanjing
  • Gates of the Old City of Jerusalem: Damascus (1535-1536), Herod's Gate, the Lion Gate (1538-1539, also St. Stephen's ), Golden Gate, Dung Gate (1538-1540, also Dung Gate ), Zion Gate (1540 ) Jaffa Gate ( 1530-1540 ), New gate ( 1889)
  • Gates of Qazvin, Qazvin, Iran, partly from the Qajar

Known Torplätze

  • Berliner Tor, Deichtor, Dammtorbahnhof, Millerntorplatz ( with guard house ) in Hamburg
  • Stone Gate and Aegidientorplatz in Hanover, stone gate in hall
  • Hallesches Tor, Kottbusser Gate in Berlin, as well as all the gates along the Berlin Wall Customs
  • Eschenheim gate in Frankfurt am Main
  • Schottentor in Vienna
  • Holstentorplatz in Lübeck

City Gate is also the name of a stadttorähnlich built and completed in 1998 office building in Dusseldorf.

Martinstor Schwabentor (Freiburg im Breisgau) Fortifications of Metz Kreuztor (Ingolstadt) Gate of Spalen Eschenheimer Turm Gdańsk Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin Damascus Gate Herod's Gate Golden Gate (Jerusalem) Integrated Authority File
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