Ciutadella de Roses

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Portal and curtain wall

The Ciutadella de Roses ( Spanish Ciudadela de Rosas, German citadel of Roses) is a military fortification from the 16th century in the city of Roses and a major archaeological site of different time periods.

Location and construction

The Citadel of Roses is located just inside the city. The reinforced with a five-pointed fortress wall surrounds area 131 480 square meters. The Citadel with its imposing entrance Porta de Mar (, gate of the sea ') was built in 1543 in Renaissance style.

History

After Roses was repeatedly attacked and looted by North African pirates, decided to Emperor Charles V. the strategically important coastal town militarily secure. The attachment of Roses in 1543 should simultaneously represent a bulwark against the enemy and the French border. A year later, this military fortification complex was expanded by construction of the castle Castell de la Trinitat above the bay of Roses. In the 17th, 18th and 19th century Roses, its military fortifications were repeated scenes of bloody siege, and Erorberungsfeldzüge by French and Austrians. The last occupation was carried out in 1808 under Napoleon Bonaparte.

Ärchäologische archaeological site

Within the ramparts of the Citadel of Roses remains were uncovered from the following time periods and preserved:

• Hellenistic settlement, found objects and remains of the walls of BC founded by the Greek settlement of Rhode Rhodern 776 ( Ῥόδη Greek, Latin Rhoda; particular archaeological pieces from the fourth and third centuries BC).
• Roman district, with buildings and remains of walls from the second century BC to the sixth century AD.
• Medieval city walls and remains of buildings of the Romanesque-Lombard monastery of Santa Maria from the 11th century.
• Ruins of military buildings and fortifications from the 16th and 17th centuries.
• Archaeological remains from the 19th century.

Preservation and current use

The Citadel of Roses was made in 1961 under monument protection. Gaps in the fortress wall to be closed as part of the ongoing restoration of the whole complex with exposed brickwork and steel structures that blend modern and color coordinated into the overall structure. The ruins of the medieval monastery of Santa Maria from the 11th century is used as a stage backdrop for music events and other outdoor performances. A modern and multi-media history museum established, presents the archaeological and background material to the public - was on the site of the citadel - adjacent to the entrance Porta de Mar. Two other halls within the museum building to serve the changing exhibition of artistic objects of board of visitors and the sales presentation of souvenirs.

Gallery

Bay window in the fortress wall

Ruins of the monastery of Santa Maria and outdoor stage

Military fortifications