Clapham

Clapham is a district in south-west London, in the Borough of Lambeth. Part of the historic Clapham is located in the London Borough of Wandsworth. Clapham dates back to the Anglo-Saxons, it is believed that the name Ham from the Old English words clopp (a) and or hamm was formed and "homestead near a hill " means.

2.1 Antiquity and Middle Ages
2.2 Clapham in the 17th to 19th centuries
2.3 Clapham in the 20th and 21st centuries

Location

Clapham covers most of SW4 and parts of SW9 Postzustellbezirks and SW12. The parkland of Clapham Common is partly in the London Borough of Wandsworth, but it is managed as a whole of Lambeth. Clapham is divided into three electoral districts, Clapham Common, Clapham Town and Thornton. Parts of Clapham North constituency are in Ferndale ( Brixton ) and Larkhall in the constituency (district Stockwell ).

Clapham Common and Clapham Town

Clapham Common comprises approximately 90 hectares of green with three ponds and a historic pavilion. In his environment, Clapham Old Town is with buildings of Georgian and Victorian architecture and the Queen Anne Style. Holy Trinity Clapham also located here, a built in 1774-1776 Georgian church became important by the Clapham Sect. The newer Clapham Town is dominated by the Clapham High Street and residential streets such as Clapham Manor Street, in a leisure center, and the Venn Street with a cinema, restaurants and a weekly market held every weekend.

Clapham South and Clapham North

Clapham South is a predominantly residential area. Balham Hill also is usually expected to Clapham South, because of its proximity to the subway station Clapham South, although it officially belongs to the neighboring district of Balham. The same applies to Clapham Common West Side, it belongs to the neighboring district of Battersea.

Clapham North is located on either side of Clapham Road and adjacent to Stockwell. The northern part belongs to the electoral district Larkhall, the southern part of the constituency Ferndale.

History

Antiquity and Middle Ages

Today Clapham High Street is an old branch of the Roman Stane Street, which ran from London to Chichester and was at today's Clapham Road and Abbeville Road. A testimony of the existence of the street in ancient Roman times is a 1912 discovered during construction work Roman altar, which stands today at the entrance of the public library in Clapham Old Town. According to his inscription, it was built by Ascanius Ticinius, it is dated to the first century.

The first written mention of Clapham is found in the chronicles of Chertsey Abbey, in the second half of the 9th century. A Saxon Duke named Alfred over appropriated his wife Werburga lifetime 30 hides country in Clappeham. In older literature, the name of locality is attributed to the Anglo-Saxon noble landowners Osgod Clapa, is said to have possessed the land around 1040. As a guest at the wedding of a daughter Clapas Hardi King Knut died on June 8, 1042 in Lambeth, the area now Clapham belonged at the time to Lambeth. Due to the earlier mentioned in the chronicles of Chertsey Abbey, it is possible that Osgod Clapa was the name of the founder. Not excluded, however, the possibility that there was another bearer of this name before Osgod Clapa.

The data recorded by the College of Arms Family history of Clapham According Jonas was the son of the Duke of Lorraine, in the year 965 Clapham as a fief from King Edgar, since he bore the name of Jonas de Clapham. The family remained in the possession of the land until Jonas's great-great- grandson Arthur himself in 1066 against William the Conqueror set during the invasion of the Normans and was forced to flee with the loss of his country, to the north. The descendants of the family still live there, especially in Yorkshire.

Clapham is mentioned in the Domesday Book of the late 11th century as Clopeham and was part of the county of Surrey. The landowner was Geoffrey de Mandeville, and the time occupied eleven households the estate, so it was very small. The area was given as 7 Carucatae arable land and 5 acres of grassland.

Clapham in the 17th to 19th centuries

Even in 1638 Clapham was a small village, with only 46 households. In the late 17th century led to Clapham with the construction of large country houses, some according to plans by Christopher Wren. Clapham Common, previously marshland, was drained around 1720. During the 18th and 19th century, Clapham was a favorite residence of the wealthy citizens of the City of London, who built many large and representative buildings in Clapham Common and in the Old Town. The population there rose sharply to 1780, there were about 240 houses in Clapham, 1885 6263 and 1895 more than 7,000. Samuel Pepys spent the last two years of his life in Clapham, in the house of his friend, former servant and longtime fellow William Hewer.

Clapham Common was a popular recreation area, which attracted even residents of London during the 19th century. On the meadows numerous sports were exercised and the ponds boats were lent or left model ships at sea. Here was also the residence of Elizabeth Cook, the widow of the explorer James Cook. She moved in 1788, almost 20 years after the death of her husband, according to Clapham, and died 1835. Another well-known residents of Clapham Common at this time was Sir Charles Barry, the architect of the Palace of Westminster. Although the scientist Henry Cavendish lived in London, but he also owned a house in Clapham Common, where he had placed his scientific instruments. His historical experiment the density of the earth, he led from the garden of this house. John Francis Bentley, the architect of Westminster Cathedral, lived until his death in 1902 in the adjacent Old Town. In 1900, the Japanese writer Natsume Soseki spent part of his two- year stay in London.

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries was formed in the parish of Holy Trinity Clapham Clapham Sect, a group predominantly Anglican social reformer from the upper classes who lived in the area of Clapham Common. Among them were William Wilberforce, Henry Thornton, Zachary Macaulay, father of the historian Thomas Macaulay, and William Smith, the grandfather of Florence Nightingale. Even John Shore, 1st Baron Teignmouth, the first president of the British and Foreign Bible Society, was one of them. The Clapham Sect was instrumental in the abolition of slavery and child labor, pushed for prison reform, and promoted the mission being in the British colonies. Clapham was at that time considered the center of evangelicalism in England.

The at that time resident in Clapham Clapham Rovers FC football club 1880 won the English FA Cup.

Until the formation of the County of London in 1889 Clapham belonged to the county of Surrey. 1900 Clapham was a district within the new Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth. With the division of the Metropolitan Borough of Wandsworth in 1965 almost the entire area of the historic church Clapham part of the London Borough of Lambeth.

Clapham in the 20th and 21st centuries

With the development of the railway to Clapham developed into a residential town for London commuters, and in 1900 the city had lost its charm for the higher levels of society. From this time the term Man on the Clapham omnibus is derived for the average citizen who was repeatedly called in the judicial history of the Commonwealth in major litigation.

Today Clapham is a district with a different architecture. Many of the large houses were demolished by the middle of the 20th century. The historical buildings preserved includes the magnificent buildings of the Queen Anne style and the Georgian and Victorian era in Clapham Old Town and Clapham Common, and Victorian houses in Abbeville. As in other London districts, there are a number of apartment buildings owned by the city from the 1930s to the 1960s.

Up to the 1980s Clapham has undergone a further transformation. As part of the gentrification of the adjacent neighborhoods was Clapham destination for those members of the upper middle class who could not afford it after the boom years of the 1980s and 1990s the living room to the Sloane Square and Belgravia. Today Clapham is a multicultural neighborhood, with members of the middle layer of various ethnic backgrounds, and home to an active gay community. Many young graduates and students are drawn to the area of Clapham. They follow a tradition that goes back to the time when the University of London here maintained dormitories for the students.

Clapham has a large number of restaurants, bars, cafes, wine bars, boutiques and things to do. Thus, the district exerts a great attraction, which is reinforced by its good transport links to the City of London and the West End and the trains to Heathrow and Gatwick airports and in the south of England. In Clapham, there are three stations of the London Underground and two railway stations.

Among the prominent residents of the district were in the 20th and 21st century, the writer Graham Greene and Kingsley Amis, the military historian John Keegan, the actor Jeremy Brett, David Calder, Lena Headey, Miriam Margolyes, Corin Redgrave, Vanessa Redgrave, Kelly Reilly and Dennis Waterman, singer and musician Patrick Wolf and ex - basketball player and TV presenter John Amaechi.

Post town Regions of England Clapham Common tube station Queen Anne style architecture Clapham South tube station Stane Street (Chichester) Hide (unit) Harthacnut Edgar the Peaceful Geoffrey de Mandeville (11th century) David Calder (actor)

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