Classless society

The classless society is a central concept of Marxism.

According to the Marxist theory of primitive society was classless as primitive communism, ie, they were all pretty much the same wealthy and practiced in principle the same activities from (level of " savagery "). With the transition to agriculture and animal husbandry in the course of development of the productive forces was the first time the possibility to produce a multi- product, which is more than any individual needs to live. According to Marxism, then this also made the class society possible because the surplus product could serve a ruling class, which was not involved itself in the immediate process of production to feed. So the surplus product for hard times kept in special storage, but which then had to be guarded, and just when a period of emergency broke out, people were necessary to defend against the immediate concerns of the population these stocks, so as not eaten in the first Not equal all been. These people had so necessary to decide if that could not be fed. They had to be powerful, more powerful than the mass of the population. The ruling class and the class society was born (negation of a classless society by the class society, first negation ). At the end of the development should, according to Marx, in turn, a classless society are (level of "freedom" ), which negated the class society, second negation or negation of the negation, to say the Hegelian.

This company will be organized as a cooperative association of free producers, are the owners of the means of production and at the same time their own employees. Private ownership of the means of production no longer exists. When the means of production are social property. Because all issues could be decided at the grassroots level, the state is no longer necessary as an instrument of class rule and would, if he had actually become superfluous die. The fact that after the proletarian revolution, the economy is no longer forced by competition and crises that have undesirable consequences, the production, Increase immensely. Agriculture, too, will rationalize, because it is operated by and large, not to small, private plots. It would be possible to repair the defect, so that it is ultimately possible to supply every man according to his (reasonable) needs. Assuming that all built in the world, the dictatorship of the proletariat and the capitalists have been expropriated and everything is developing cheap, it should then be possible because of the existing overproduction that people follow their passions at work and no fixed occupations have would need but that they may decide at short notice depending on their interests and their own mind which activity they wish to pursue and what is just makes sense. The work is no longer alienated, but an expression of personality.

Even after the revolution in the course of the development of socialism ( dictatorship of the proletariat ) disappear due to the appropriation of the means of production and of technical progress (industrial methods in agriculture, automation ) the class differences between workers, peasants, intelligentsia and other layers. Same rights and obligations characterize off or created by law (eg 8 hour day, like leave arrangements, wage level of all classes and strata ), until finally gradually no more classes could be distinguished according to Marxist theory and a classless society prevails.

As a prerequisite for a classless society, the abolition of the exploitation of man by man and of private ownership of means of production is considered in Marxism. This in turn requires a high level of development of the productive forces ahead, but which is generally achieved within capitalism, as the competition is forcing the capitalists to increase labor productivity and on. This is referred to by Marx as the " historic mission " of capital, former " modes of production " were characterized by a lower level of technical progress.

In practice, the "communist" countries ( whose character is controversial within Marxism ), the state was particularly certainly not become redundant also because of to the absence of the world revolution, but also included because of the decision-making authority over the economy delivered a very great abundance. Despite the lack of world revolution and other difficulties, the goal of a classless society was retained as the desirable ideal.

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