Clemens Maria Hofbauer
Klemens Maria Hofbauer ( born December 26, 1751 Taßwitz, South Moravia, † March 15 1820 in Vienna ) was an Austrian priest, preacher and a member of the Redemptorist order. He is revered in the Catholic Church as a saint and is Patron Saint of Vienna ( called an apostle of Vienna). Until 1945 he was also the patron of South Moravia.
Life
Hofbauer was born as one of twelve children of Bohemian rancher and butcher Pavel Dvořák and the German -born mother, Mary (nee Steer, of peasant origin ) and given the name John. The immigrant South Moravia father changed for the wedding of his name in a German-speaking, with Hofbauer is the equivalent of Dvořák. This would also Hofmann and Hoffmann. With six years Klemens Maria Hofbauer lost his father.
As a child he was an altar boy in the local parish church. Since his mother was a priestly formation could not finance, he was 16 -year-old first apprentice baker in Znojmo. After finishing his apprenticeship, he was able to get a job in the Premonstratensian monastery of Bruck, which he was able to visit the local convent school. During this time, he went on pilgrimage to Rome three times and went to the Hermitage.
In 1780 he came to Vienna as a baker. In another pilgrimage to Rome in 1783 he took as a hermit with the consent of Barnabà Chiara Monti, the Bishop of Tivoli and later Pope Pius VII, the name Klemens Maria and led him since then until his death.
After finally returning to Vienna, he could begin his theological studies at the University of Vienna, where he in 1784 his friend Thaddeus Huebl met, with whom he made the acquaintance of the Redemptorists in Rome. The two entered and were consecrated on 29 March 1785 Alatri ( Southern Italy) to priests, to then be sent to build a branch to the Reich. Due to the actions of the Emperor Joseph II to this venture turned out to be extremely difficult, after which they went into the Kingdom of Poland, where they were at the request of the parish of St. Benno nuncio in Warsaw was provided by King Stanislaus Poniatowski available in 1787. Hofbauer founded there with his monks in the course of time a school for poor children, a manual labor school for girls and an orphanage. In the church, foreign-language Masses were read.
About Schaffhausen he came to Jestetten, where he founded the monastery of Mount Tabor; here it requested in 1805 a delegation of devotees from Triberg to take over the pastoral care of the pilgrimage church of Maria in der Tann, which he then until mid- August 1805 also did from May. The first mercy on him tuned Ignaz von Wessenberg had become at this time to his bitter opponent after he let consecrate in Lucerne by the Papal Nuncio to the priesthood three of his theology students; also petitions brought no change, so that he had to leave Triberg again. He tried in Babenhausen to continue to work and build a foundation, but the Minister and reconnaissance Maximilian Montgelas prevented this, and so he returned in January 1807 back to Warsaw.
1807 Thaddeus Huebl died of typhus, and than a year later, in 1808, the Redemptorist order of Napoleon, ( the Marshal Devoust Napoleon had previously sent a letter negative reports about the Redemptorists ) were expelled from there, Hofbauer returned to his home on Kuestrin Vienna.
As a chaplain and rector of staying with the Ursulines, he dealt with the religious revival in Vienna. In the St. Ursula Church, he was known for his sermons that the epithet apostle of Vienna was given to him. He was spied on by the police because he was an opponent of the Enlightenment. At that time he used close contact with German Romantics such as Clemens Brentano, Joseph von Eichendorff and Friedrich von Schlegel.
The politician Joseph of Penkler (1751-1830) and the Canon Joseph Anton Siegmund von Beroldingen (1738-1816) were among his most prominent supporters.
Klemens Maria Hofbauer died 69 years old in his room from exhaustion.
Funeral
Hofbauer's body was originally buried in the cemetery romantics Maria Grossenzersdorf Mödling. The fact that the Redemptorists were approved by Emperor Francis I again on April 19, 1820, and the church was handed over to Mary on the Strand to the Congregation, he could no longer experience. As part of the process of beatification, his remains were transferred as relics in this church on 4 November 1862. His grave graced initially a grave plate (1859-1862) by Josef Gasser.
1987 created by the sculptor Oskar Höfinger a marble reliquary altar, containing a reliquary containing the remains Hofbauer. The grave stone of 1862 was then placed standing in close proximity to the wall. The grave in Mary Grossenzersdorf exists today.
Grave plate by Josef Gasser, 1859-1862, Church of St. Mary on the Strand, Vienna
Altar relics of Oskar Höfinger, 1987, Church of Our Lady in the Strand, Vienna
Worship
Pope Leo XIII. spoke his soul on 29 January 1888, he was canonized by Pius X on May 20, 1909. Since 1914 he is (second ) Patron Saint of Vienna and since 1913, the second patron of the Catholic Journeymen's Association.
The Clemens Hofbauer Square was named in 1894 in Vienna Hernals after him.
Clemens August Graf von Galen donated using his inheritance, the Church of Saint Clement Mary Hofbauer in Berlin, which was founded in 1911, ie two years after the canonization Hofbauer, consecrated.
In Happurg ( Kuratie Grassington, Greater Nuremberg ) him a Catholic church is dedicated. In this village many expellees from Bohemia and Moravia found after the Second World War a new home and dedicated their new Catholic church dedicated to St. Clement Mary Hofbauer. The church was consecrated in 1972.
Remembrance
- Catholic: March 15 Not optional memorial in the regional calendar for the German language area. In memory of his origin as a baker pastry is dedicated to the anniversary celebrations in some measurement.