Cleveland Indians
- Cleveland Naps (1903-1914)
- Cleveland Bronchos (1902, unofficial)
- Cleveland Bluebirds (1901-1902)
- Cleveland Lake Shores (1900)
- Grand Rapids Rustlers (1894-1899)
- Western League (1894-1900)
- American League (since 1901) East Division (1969-1993)
- Central Division (since 1994)
- Progressive Field (since 1994) also Jacobs Field (1994-2007)
- Also Cleveland Municipal Stadium (1932-1974)
- World Series (2): 1920 1948
- American League title (5): 1920, 1948, 1954, 1995, 1997
- Division titles (7): 1995-1999, 2001, 2007
The Cleveland Indians are a U.S. baseball team. The team was founded in 1901 as the Cleveland Blues and plays in Major League Baseball. In his history of the Indians were, also known by the nicknames The Tribe (English: The strain ) are known, twice winner of the World Series.
The club name and logo has been and is widely criticized. During the World Series 1997 three protesters were arrested, but released shortly thereafter.
History
The 19th century
1865 was founded with the Forest City a predecessor association of Indians. The name Forest City refers to the city of Cleveland, which is also known under this name. Since 1870, the team in the local newspapers was called Cleveland Forest Citys. A year later joined the crew of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, the first professional baseball league. Since there was also an association with the name Forest City in the League in Rockford, the teams were often called FC Cleveland and FC Rockford. During the season 1872, the team withdrew from the league.
1876 took over from the National League, the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players. From Cleveland was not a team in the league. The National League was looking for new members in 1879 and the Cleveland Blues were included. After six years with average success the team was moved to the 1885 season to St. Louis. 1887 a new team was formed, which played in the American Association. 1890 was the team that was now known as the Cleveland Spiders, taken up again in the National League. A year later, the team moved into the League Park. The stadium should be the home of the club over the next 55 years.
Led by pitcher Cy Young moved the team in the 1890s, twice in the Temple Cup, the forerunner to the World Series, a. 1895, the team won this item. Only four years later, the team lost many of their best players to the St. Louis Cardinals. Weakened by the disposals was followed by a devastating season. Accordingly, were low attendances at home games, so the team played most games away from home. After the season, the Spiders were forced to leave along with three other teams, the National League.
In response to the shrinking process of the National League, the second-rate Western League changed its name to the American League and declared himself to Major League. The club was moved from Grand Rapids to Cleveland and took the name of blues. The Cleveland Blues were one of the eight founding members of the American League.
1901-1954: Re-establishment and two championships
In order for the American League could compete with the National League recruited from the American League Teams Player of the National League. One of those players was Nap Lajoie, who moved from the Philadelphia Phillies to Cleveland in 1902. In the same year, the team changed its name to bronchospasm. Lajoie was a crowd favorite, so the team took from the season 1905 under the name Naps. 1915 finally came the name change to the Cleveland Indians.
The early 1920s were very successful. 1919 Tris Speaker was appointed player-manager. A year later, the team reached the World Series for the first time. The Brooklyn Robins (a precursor of the Los Angeles Dodgers ) were beaten 5-2 victories. The success of the death of infielders Ray Chapman was overshadowed in August 1920. He was hit by a throw of the Yankees pitcher Carl Mays and died from injuries. After two second places the team slipped back into the basement table. 1940 the team of the championship came very close again. A player revolt should the team owner Alva Bradley bring himself to dismiss the manager Ossie Vitt. Bradley refused, however. Some journalists mocked the players as crybabies ( crybabies ).
1946, the Indians were sold to an investor group led by Bill Veech. A year later the team from getting on in years League Park in Cleveland Stadium has to offer. In the same year the Indians Larry Doby took under contract. He was the first African American. Among the Indians and the second African American ever to play for a MLB Club Doby was twice the player with the most homeruns season the American League. A year later, the 42 -year-old pitcher Satchel Paige, the oldest rookie MLB history. After a strong season, the Indians had to contest a play-off against the tied Boston Red Sox. It was the first such game in the American League. The Indians were successful and moved into the World Series. After a 4-2 win against the Boston Braves (now the Atlanta Braves ), the Indians were champions for the second time.
In the 1950s the Indians were part of the top group of the American League. Five times the team finished in second place behind the New York Yankees. 1954 Indians won 111 games, which was a new record at the time. In the World Series the team was defeated 4-0 against the New York Giants (now San Francisco Giants ).
1955-1993: The Curse of Rocky Colavito
Between 1959 and 1993, the Indians managed only a third and five fourth place finishes. Otherwise, the team was only found in the basement table. Reason for the over thirty -year decline was a variety of bad transfers, where the Indians good players duties and got bad players in return. The downturn began in early 1960 when the popular among fans right fielder Rocky Colavito was delivered to the Detroit Tigers. Between 1969 and 1975, the Indians completed seven seasons starting in a row with a negative balance.
1974 took place during a game against the Texas Rangers, the " Ten Cent Beer Night ", where beer was sold at a low price in the stadium. The action ended with riots in the audience. A year later the Indians enrolled baseball history. Frank Robinson was the first African-American coach of a MLB team. He, too, could not stop the descent and was released in 1977.
In the early 1980s there was the hope of improvement. 1980 Joe Charbonneau was voted " Rookie of the season ." Due to various injuries, he had to end his career in 1982. 1981 Len Barker threw a perfect game against the Toronto Blue Jays. In early 1987, the team had to endure the ridicule of the magazine Sports Illustrated. The 1986 season ended the team with a positive balance sheet and from the Sports Illustrated predicted the title win in the American League East for the 1987 season. With 101 defeats, however, the Indians were last.
Also in 1986, the Indians were bought by the brothers David and Richard Jacobs for a sum of 35 million dollars. Previously, the team changed hands several times. Three years later, a fictional Cleveland Indians team was portrayed The Cleveland Indians in the movie. Through this film, the Indians were able to significantly increase their popularity worldwide. In the early 1990s improved the sporting situation of the team. 1992 Joe Carter Jr. was against Sandy Alomar and Carlos Baerga exchanged. This transfer was controversial among fans, but meant an increase in offensive performance of the team.
Also in 1992, the Indians were elected by the MLB Team of the Year. The new coach Mike Hargrove was one of the most successful coaches of the 1990s. In preparation for the 1993 season, there was a tragedy. There are boat rides a boat crashed into a pier. The pitcher Steve Olin and Tim Crews were killed, while Bob Ojeda had to end his career due to his severe injuries. On April 8, 1993 wrote Carlos Baerga baseball history as he ever hit a home run from both sides of Homebase beat the first player in the same inning.
1994 to date: A new beginning
In 1994, the Indians in the obsolescent Cleveland Stadium to the new Jacobs Field. With modern sporting arena better times should start. The Indians fought with the Chicago White Sox to the championship of the Central Division, as the season was canceled on 12 August 1994 due to a strike of the players union. A year later, the Indians moved for the first time in forty years back in the World Series.
The upturn came by players from the own farm teams like Albert Belle, Jim Thome and Charles Nagy. To this end, players joined from other MLB teams like Dennis Martinez and Kenny Lofton. The 1995 season ended the team with a record of 100 wins and 44 defeats from in the first place in the Central Division. After play-off victories over the Boston Red Sox and the Seattle Mariners, the Indians met in the World Series to the Atlanta Braves. The Braves became champion with 4-2 victories. In June 1995, a series of 455 consecutive home games began, in which the Jacobs Field was sold out. This series is still an MLB record. As a tribute, the number 455 was in 2001, when this series crack, retired.
Obtained in 1997 the Indians for the fifth time the World Series. After a false start to the season, the Indians were the Central Division win for the third time in a row. After victories over the New York Yankees and the Baltimore Orioles, the Florida Marlins were waiting in the final. Cleveland led early in the second half of the ninth inning of the seventh game 2-1. After an error, the pitcher Jose Mesa, the Marlins were able to compensate. In the eleventh inning, Edgar Renteria was responsible for the victory -making point for Florida. Cleveland is the first team in the second half of the ninth inning went with a guide in game seven and still have lost. In his autobiography, Omar Vizquel shortstop Mesa blamed for the defeat. These accusations led to a dispute between the two players.
In the following two years, the Indians reached the playoffs again, but had to accept the resignation respectively in the first round. After the 1999 season, the coach Mike Hargrove had to take his hat. A year later, the Indians missed the playoffs after a weak start. For the strong defensive performance was rewarded with three Golden Gloves. Also in 2000, Richard sold Jacobs (his brother died in the meantime) the team for 323 million U.S. dollars to Larry Dolan.
2001 returned the Indians back to the playoffs. The highlight of the season was a game against the Seattle Mariners. The Indians were 12 points back ( 0:12 and 2:14 ) and were able to turn the game and win 15-14. The game went on (" The Impossible Return" ) in baseball history as " The Impossible Return". In the first playoff round, both sides met again. The Indians led 2-1 victories, but lost the games four and five and dropped out.
After the season, Mark Shapiro new General Manager was. Shapiro rejuvenated the team, in which he switched from aging players against young talents. 2002 and 2003 the Indians each had a negative balance. In 2004, the team missed the playoffs. The highlight of the 2004 season was a 22:0 victory over the New York Yankees, the heaviest defeat in Yankees history. In 2005, the Indians awarded in recent games a possible playoff participation after the team lost six of the last seven games. In five of these defeats, a point made all the difference. The main problem at this time were the inexperienced pitcher who still forgave many guides.
On September 2, 2006 Kevin Kouzmanoff became only the third player, who asked in his first at a Grand Slam in the MLB hit homerun. He was the first player to have managed this on the first throw. Therefore, some experienced players were signed to the 2007 season, which should lead the young talents.
Standings from the last few years
The colored cells describe their own performance in the AL Central, the numbers in parentheses are the distances to the other teams at the end of the season. WC = Wild Card reaches ALDS = AL Division Series, ALCS reached = AL Championship Series AL = AL Pennant ( lost World Series ), WSC = World Series Champion
Members of the Baseball Hall of Fame
Elmer Flick
Addie Joss Nap Lajoie
Cy Young
Roberto Alomar Earl Averill Bert Blyleven Lou Boudreau Steve Carlton
Stan Coveleski Larry Doby Dennis Eckersley Bob Feller Joe Gordon Ralph Kiner
Bob Lemon al Lopez Eddie Murray Hal Newhouser Phil Niekro
Satchel Paige Gaylord Perry Sam Rice Frank Robinson Joe Sewell Billy Southworth
Tris Speaker * Hoyt Wilhelm Dick Williams Dave Winfield Early Wynn
No longer assigned numbers
- 3 Earl Averill
- 5 Lou Boudreau
- 14 Larry Doby
- 18 Mel Harder
- 19 Bob Feller
- 21 Bob Lemon
- 42 Jackie Robinson ( in every club in the Major League Baseball )
- 455 The Fans ( after 455 games between 1995 and 2001 were completely sold out in a row, honored the Cleveland Indians, in which they reserved the 455 for their fans )
Player of the Indians
Pitcher
Starting rotation
- 59 Carlos Carrasco
- 28 Corey Kluber
- 63 Justin Masterson
- 34 Zach McAllister
- 31 Danny Salazar
Bullpen
- 37 Cody Allen
- 48 Scott Atchison
- 88 Josh Outman
- 52 Vinnie Pestano
- 35 Marc Rzepczynski
- 27 Bryan Shaw
- 49 Blake Wood
Closer
- 44 John Axford
Catcher
Infielder
- 4 Mike Aviles
- 13 Asdrúbal Cabrera
- Lonnie Chisenhall 8
- 30 Elliot Johnson
- 22 Jason Kipnis
- 33 Nick Swisher
Outfielder
- 23 Michael Brantley
- 6 Nyjer Morgan
- 7 David Murphy
- 9 Ryan Raburn
Pitcher
- 73 Austin Adams
- 51 Scott Barnes
- 47 Trevor Bauer
- 50 Nick Hagadone
- 70 T. J. House
- 20 C. Lee, C.
- 71 Bryan Price
- 43 Josh Tomlin
Infielder
- 74 Jesús Aguilar
- 25 Jason Giambi
- 78 Erik González
- 62 José Ramírez
- 40 Justin Sellers
Outfielder
- 24 Michael Bourn
- 75 Carlos Moncrief
Manager
Coach
Injured List (15 days) * Locked Roster updated on April 4, 2014 Transfers • Establishment
Minor league teams of the Cleveland Indians
- AAA: Columbus Clippers, Columbus, Ohio
- AA: Akron Aeros, Akron, Ohio
- Advanced A: Kinston Indians, Kinston, North Carolina
- A: Lake County Captains, Eastlake, Ohio
- Short A: Mahoning Valley Scrappers, Niles, Ohio
- Rookie: Burlington Indians, Burlington, North Carolina
- Rookie: Venezuelan Summer League Indians, Venezuela