Clusiaceae

Flower of Clusia fluminensis

The Clusiaceae ( Guttiferae or Juss. ) Are a family of plants within the order of Malpighienartigen ( Malpighiales ). The species of the family have their home world of the temperate regions to the tropics.

Description

Most members are woody plants: they grow in the form of trees, shrubs, lianas; some species are epiphytes. Some species contain colored latex. Essential oils contain many species. The opposite or whorls arranged leaves are simple, entire and often thick. Stipules absent.

The flowers are individually rare, mostly in differently constructed inflorescences. The rarely three, usually four or five petals are hermaphrodite or unisexual. Many species are dioecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( dioecious ). The sepals and petals are free. Rarely the flowers contain only three or four, usually 20 to 100 stamens, they can be fused or free. Rarely only one carpel is present, usually three or five (rarely up to 13 or even more) carpels to a superior ovaries grow together.

It berries, rare stone fruits or fruit capsules are usually formed. It is a very large hypocotyl present, however, the cotyledons are small not recognizable to almost. For species from the New World, the seeds often have an aril.

System

The Clusiaceae family was erected in 1836 by John Lindley in An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany, 74. Synonyms for Clusiaceae Lindl. are: Cambogiaceae Horan, Garciniaceae Bartl, Guttiferae Juss, Moronobeaceae Miers nom. .. . nud.

The inclusion of the genera of the family of Hypericaceae and Calophyllaceae could not be confirmed. The Clusiaceae family s.str. is divided into five tribes and now contains 14 genera with about 600 species:

• Tribus Clusieae: Chrysochlamys Poepp. ( Syn: Balboa Planch & Triana, Triana & Planch Tovomitopsis. . ): With about 55 species.
• Clusia L. (syn.: Androstylium, Cochlanthera, Decaphalangium, Havetia, Havetiopsis, Oedematopus, Oxystemon, Pilosperma, Quapoya, Renggeria, Rengifa ): With about 200 to 400 species.
• Tovomita Aubl. ( Syn: Marialvaea )
• Tovomitidium Ducke

• Garcinia L. (syn.: Brindonia Thouars, Cambogia L., Clusianthemum Vieill, Mangostana Gaertn, Oxycarpus Lour, Pentaphalangium Warblers, Rheedia L., Septogarcinia Kosterm, Tripetalum K.Schum, Tsimatimia Jum & H.. .. .. .. Perrier, Verticillaria Ruiz & Pav, xanthochymus Roxb ). with about 240 species, including the mangosteen
• Allanblackia Oliv. ex Benth. & Hook. f ( Ex.: Stearodendron Engl )

• Moronobea Aubl.

• Platonia Mart. ( Syn: Aristoclesia Coville ): With just one more way: Platonia insignis Mart.

• Montrouziera Pancher ex Planch. & Triana
• Symphonia L. f ( Ex.: Aneuriscus C.Presl, Chrysopia Thouars )
• Dystovomita ( Engl ) D' Arcy
• Lorostemon Ducke
• Pentadesma Sabine
• Thysanostemon Maguire

Swell

• The Clusiaceae family in APWebsite. ( Section systematics)
• Kenneth J. Wurdack & Charles C. Davis: Malpighiales phylogenetics: Gaining ground on one of the most recalcitrant clades in the angiosperm tree of life, in American Journal of Botany, 96 (8 ), 2009, pp. 1551-1570.