Co-option

Cooptation (Latin cooptatio ), also co-option or co-optation, is the by-election, election, recording, or election of members of the other members of a community.

She's in political, church and social organizations and strong in business in use and commonly referred to the possibility of agencies, bodies or organs, to choose for themselves the successor to retired members or additional members. It is useful, for example, when it comes to integrating people with specific expertise or agents of friendly organizations in the ongoing work on the board. Cooptation can create closed and cohesive groups, as they often recruit their peers and dissenters can exclude by its own unity.

Examples of legal forms of co-optation:

• Succession planning in the late Roman Tetrarchy of the 3rd century AD
• University teachers as members of the faculties or departments of universities and colleges
• Members of Masonic lodges (see also: Kugelung )
• Rotary, Kiwanis, Lions Club (see Recording Mode )
• Members of the International Committee of the Red Cross ( ICRC)
• Members of the Foundation Board or Advisory Board
• Members of the Académie Française
• Members of the International Olympic Committee
• Co-opted members of the Assemblies of German industry and commerce

For the election of governments, parliaments and other representative bodies, the process of co-optation would be incompatible with a democratic and constitutional understanding. Here they would have a completely undemocratic, oligarchic character, since decision-makers not entitled to vote would represent.