Collegiate church

A collegiate (also pin section, Säkularkanonikerstift ) is a community of Säkularkanonikern ( secular clergy, secular / unregulated canons ). Säkularkanoniker are clearly distinguished from monks and not belong to a religious community.

The canons ( Chor-/Stiftsherren ) live on a particular church, the pen, for whose services they are responsible. In addition to a joint exhibition, the chapter office, this also includes the common hours of prayer. The pin section, ie the meeting of the canons, manages the assets of the church. Keeping the individual canons - in contrast to regular clergy - their private assets. You will take no vows and therefore can pin any time left free.

In contrast to the cathedral churches associated with the ore and high pins with an archbishop or bishop at the top of the collegiate is not a bishop, but depending on the constitution a provost or a dean / dean.

Säkularkanoniker must be distinguished from the Canons Regular / Canons Regular, as the Chaplain for a monastic rule -. Mostly according to the Rule of St. Augustine of Hippo - live, have the priesthood and religious vows have passed, but are not monks.

Community and spiritual life

The community life of the canons is primarily in common prayer. So often it is possible for them, they come together in the collegiate church for choral prayers. The canons regulate their community life by statutes. They regularly meet to meetings, the so-called Chapter meetings at which discussed current problems and decisions are made. The pin is represented legally binding provost and dean to the outside. Sometimes the canons provided pastoral services, for example, a pastor in the neighboring parishes. Others are entrusted with special ecclesiastical duties, such as professors of theology, church musician or pastor for certain groups of people.

Since the pin members belong to any religious, they also have no religious habit. At church services they carry over the cassock a purple, front buttoned shoulder cape ( Mozzetta ) about it on a chain or tape the pin badge.

Constitution

The number of canons of a pin chapter is frequently committed. They usually target the number 12 on which is based on the twelve apostles, or the duplication 24 But there are also quite large and small pin chapter. The collegiate chapter led by Chapter delegates. In the first place usually is a provost, second a pin Dechant. Smaller pin chapters are often faced only one pin Dechant. Other dignitaries are the Scholaster and Thesaurar. But there are also other dignitaries as deacon or deacon maior minor.

With the secularization of most stick chapters were dissolved, so that in addition to the cathedral chapters are now only very few pin section, such as the Collegiate of St. Rupert in Altötting with the special privilege of a pin infulierten Provost, St. Remigius ( Borken ) Stt. Martin and Kastulus ( Landshut ) or the St. Peter and Paul in Prague- Vyšehrad. Right long there was also a pin on the Theatinerkirche (Munich ) (1954 handed over to the Dominicans ). The chapters at St. Peter's Basilica and the Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome are also formally pin chapter, as in Rome, the Lateran cathedral (Saint Paul Outside the Walls, however, is the monastery church).

Admission and retirement

The formal inclusion of a candidate happened to the Possessio, this was the tonsure and minor orders usually required. After completing a course of study outside the ecclesiastical province was their own after a few years, the final shot as a full member, the emancipation. For this, they demanded the Subdiakonatsweihe usually. The now emancipated canons had then seat in the choir, vote in chapter, and the disposition of its income. Membership mostly ended by death or resignation. The latter happened in church history often in favor of a relative. Occasionally, was also the permutation, that is, the points exchange with another priest to another church to watch. Exclusions were rare. In such cases, the one you put the resignation close.

Used to be for the canons of the chapter pin to the priesthood usually no rule, it is essential today. Often there were in the collegiate churches firmly advertised Offices ( canonries ) for subdeacons, deacons and priests.

Pens outside the Catholic Church

Outside the Catholic Church there is the Lutheran Collegiate sausages, Saxony. Originally founded by the Bishop of Meissen, it was maintained even after the Reformation. Its members are Lutheran laity and clergy. Even Westminster Abbey in London is a collegiate (The Collegiate Church of St Peter, Westminster ), as was St. Nicholas ' Collegiate Church, Church of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland.

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