Competitive exclusion principle

The competitive exclusion principle is a standard developed by Georgy Gause Franzevich term of Theoretical Biology finds application in ecology and evolutionary biology. The concept states that two species can not simultaneously occupy the identical ecological niche without entering a competition through which finally can claim only the competition stronger. The positive reversal of this principle is the competition avoidance. For each competitive weaker type a Dodge to secure the reproductive potential is essential. This evasive movement can be achieved by spatial separation, temporal unbundling (eg day and night activity), an adaptation of the food habits and also an evolutionary adaptation, for example in the form of an adaptive radiation.

General formulation

The competition between two species is written in general form as

For a fixed point of this system is the Jacobian matrix given by:

Because of the effects of intra -specific competition track <0 is So can a fixed point only for

Thus, the competitive exclusion principle is shown.

With a trivial application of the drawer principle also follows that for n species coexistence for at least n ecological niches is possible.

Transferability

In the sense of bionics can be transferred to the economy of this principle. Analogous considerations help there, to develop strategies that can ensure the survival initially competing companies.