Comprehensive planning

A master plan is a term used in urban planning. Similar ( previously used ) names for informal planning instruments were " master plan ", " use planning ", " development planning " or " planning ". With a master plan of urban planning strategies can be developed and proposals for action will be developed.

A master plan can be created at all levels of urban planning. The procedures for the preparation of a master plan is not legally defined, so a master plan can be used very freely to the development of urban planning solutions. At the same time, a master plan is update- able.

A master plan may consist of an architectural competition emerge (example: building concept Hamburg Harbour City ) or in open public participation forums (eg future workshop St. Pauli ) are developed. A master plan may consist of text and / or plans / drawings.

Term

Although the term master plan seems borrowed from the English-speaking world, there are no corresponding use. The New York Empire State Development Corporation, for example, used the term " General Project Plan" for the planning of the Brooklyn Bridge Park ( revitalization of water surfaces ). In the U.S. the term Comprehensive planning is in use.

Classification

The term Master Plan is mentioned neither in the Building Code, the Land Use Ordinance or the building regulations of the federal states and is therefore regarded as an informal planning instrument. To enter into force, it must be integrated into the traditional instruments of urban planning ( land use plan, development plan, statutes of the commune ) according to procedures prescribed by law. Only the administration can be limited in their scope for decision by a master plan.

The urban planning instruments are structured hierarchically. At the top is the land use plan, which sets out the future uses for an entire city or municipality. A development plan contains legally binding regulations for the use of each parcel of land in its scope. A statute under § 172 Building Code is adopted in order to maintain their urban ( or social ) character of certain areas. A master plan can the planning area of a community far beyond rich (Example: Master Plan for Health Economics in Mecklenburg -Western Pomerania), or even just small spatial definitions contain information such as the master plan for the lighting design of the inner city of Dresden. It can be thematically wide or very narrow.

The nature, extent and scope of master plans are not clear to grasp, as confirmed in the following examples:

  • Saxon- Czech border area study - master plan for regional development from Saxon view
  • Master Plan Living Bielefeld, 2007
  • Master Plan bicycle traffic Bremen, draft Green Party
  • Master Plan of the City University of Bochum, 2009
  • Development concept for the HafenCity Hamburg
  • Master Plan Innere Stadt Bonn, 2011-2012
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