Congress of Laibach

The Ljubljana Congress was held to 12 May 1821 in Laibach (present-day Ljubljana ) of 26 January. He decided the military intervention in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies to put down a liberal coup.

Prehistory

It is the continuation of the Congress of Opava and thus to the third of the four Monarch congresses. The background was the Spanish Revolution of 1820, the King Ferdinand VII forced to put the liberal constitution of 1812 reinstated. In Italy, then the Two Sicilies was also King Ferdinand I was forced to introduce a liberal constitution and to recognize the principle of popular sovereignty. In Opava the Holy Alliance of Russia, Austria and Prussia had agreed to also take military action against revolutionary movements. A central role played Metternich. Concrete decisions on the implementation, however, were not prepared for his urging. This remained the Congress of Laibach reserved.

Course

Participants were Tsar Alexander I of Russia, Emperor Francis I of Austria and King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. From other powers such as Prussia, represented by Hardenberg, and France delegates were present. Also, the Papal States, the Kingdom of Sardinia, the Duchy of Modena and the Grand Duchy of Tuscany participated. Great Britain took part only by diplomatic observers in the Congress.

The Congress negotiated on the request of the King of the Two Sicilies, quell the Neapolitan revolt by military intervention. In contrast, the French ambassador, and various Italian states facing. After the members of the Holy Alliance Austria had commissioned to invade Naples, the ambassadors of France and Britain no longer participated in the negotiations. However, it was suggested to France that the country should invade Spain, similar to Austria in Naples. The Congress was a further step to avert Britain's cooperation with the other powers.

The Austrian troops beat down the uprising in Naples and the kingdom was on May 15, 1821 there restored. In April, a broken out in February uprising in the Kingdom of Sardinia was beaten down.

To clarify the problems in Spain and in Greece, where a national movement for uplift, the powers agreed to convene a further conference in Verona.