ConÃmbriga
Conimbriga ( in Portuguese spelling also Conímbriga ) was an ancient Roman city in what is now Portugal. It is located 16 km from Coimbra and less than two kilometers from Condeixa -a-Nova removed.
History
The earliest archaeological finds are of Celtic origin and come from the Iron Age of the 9th century BC It will be an Ibero - Celtic settlement. This is shown by the suffix "- briga ", which is typical of Celtic settlements. In the Iberian Peninsula there are more than 100 Iron Age sites that end this way. Conimbriga was conquered 139 BC by Roman troops, and part of the province of Lusitania, the Roman Empire.
In the time of Augustus, the town was extended to public baths, a forum and a city wall. As Conimbriga received Constantius II, the city law during the time the Augustan Forum was canceled and replaced by a larger one. The city is divided into two areas: a residential area with rich mosaics and a central square in the north and a house area of the middle class, predominantly inhabited by artisans, with a large building from the time of Claudius in the south, his excavator, Virgilio Correia, as pre-Christian basilica indicated.
In the year 468 the Suevi conquered the city. Conimbriga, which had already supplied by the Romans by a long aqueduct from Alcabideche desertifizierte, lost its status as a bishopric at Aeminium (Coimbra ) and was in the 7/8 Century deserted by the inhabitants.
Archaeological excavations
Although not the largest Roman city in Portugal, Conimbriga is the best preserved through the centuries of silting today. The city walls are largely intact, get the mosaics and foundations of many houses and public buildings. In the bathrooms, most with missing soil, the system of Hypokaustenheizungen is still available. According to archaeological estimates ten percent of the city are from 1899 to today (as of January 2013) have been unearthed.
Among the various excavations of 1930-1944 were most systematic Virgilio Correia on. Within the walls were of him several luxurious residential buildings, one with private baths, and an early Christian basilica found. Correia also put the city walls, some public baths, 569 m² mosaics and with the central garden supply system for 500 wells free.
Importance
Cities like Bracara Augusta (now Braga), Pax Julia ( Beja today ) or Olispio (since 48 BC Colonia Iulia Felicitas, today Lisbon ) Conimbriga exceeded in importance and size. Conimbriga still applies as the most important Roman archaeological site in Portugal, since it is one of the rare cases in which no new city was built on the old Roman city during the course. Over time, though stones were removed for construction in the near Condeixa -a- Velha, and the end of the 19th century and made in the 1930s, archaeological excavations have eroded some areas without today's scientific standards of documentation accuracy. However, stands with Conimbriga a free, not new überbautes and thus unchanged excavation site of an important Roman administrative center of the province of Lusitania available, of which the largest part has not yet been exposed.
With over 150,000 annual tourists (2010), of which only a small part of pupils and students were (approximately 30,000 ), Conimbriga is also of importance for tourism.
Pictures
Chapter
Mosaic with fish
Mosaic with a labyrinth
Remains of a Roman Villa
Floor mosaic
Remains of a building
Remains of the Baths