Constitution of Argentina of 1853

The Constitution of Argentina was decided on May 1, 1853 by the Constituent Assembly of Argentina and has, despite some changes to the present day the same structure. Main executive is the president of the nation ( " Presidente de la Nación Argentina", " Poder Ejecutivo Nacional "). The legislative branch is the Congreso.

President

The president is head of state and head of government in person and has a strong position, the ability to rule by decree, among other things. He is (up to 1995: every six years ), together with the Vice President, representing him in the absence of elected every four years in two ballots directly. To win in the first round, the winning candidate 45 or more percent of the valid votes must reach or exhibit at a value between 40 and 45 % by ten percentage points ahead of the runner-up, in all other cases there is a runoff. Waived one of the two most successful candidates in the first round to participate in the ballot ( most recently in 2003 ), the other candidate is the winner, so the third-place finisher does not advance after in this case.

A presidency is possible during a maximum of two consecutive periods for reelection is allowed but again after a break of four years. The President shall be included Argentine citizen and had to belong to the Roman Catholic faith until the reform of 1994.

Legislature

The legislative branch, the Congreso consists of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Most elected to the provinces at different times.

The number of deputies of the Chamber of Deputies is determined by proportional representation and is distributed according to a specific key to the provinces, it amounts to about one deputy per 152,000 inhabitants. Deputies are elected for four years, however, half of the members every two years.

The number of senators shall be three per province and three for the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. The Senate is elected as opposed to the Chamber of Deputies for a special case of the electoral system; Senator gets two seats, the party with the most votes, a seat the party with the second most votes. The senators are elected for a period of six years, every two years, one-third of the senators elected.