Courchavon

Courchavon

Courchavon is a municipality in the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. The former German name Vogt castle is no longer used today.

Geography

Courchavon is located on 407 m above sea level. M., 3 km northwest of the district municipal seat Porrentruy (air line). The former street village lines extending in the Talniederung the Allaine, in Ajoie ( German Elsgau ).

The area of ​​6.2 km ² large municipality area includes a section of here relatively narrow Allaine Valley and extends to the frequently wooded surrounding Tafeljura heights Ajoie. To the east extends the area in the Bois de Sapins (up to 530 m above sea level. M. ), in the west on the plateau of Bure, in the several small valleys are deepened, which open to the Allaine out. The highest point of the municipality lies at 610 m above sea level. M. From the municipality surface 1997 accounted for 5% of settlements, 60 % was on forest and shrubs, 33 % to agriculture and about 2% unproductive land, which belongs to the place of arms of Bure.

To Courchavon include the hamlet of Mormont, 533 m above sea level. M. in a valley on the eastern slope of the height of Bure, as well as some individual farms. Neighboring communities of Courchavon are Porrentruy, Bure, Lower Allaine and Coeuve.

Population

With 298 inhabitants ( 31 December 2012) Courchavon one of the smaller municipalities in the canton of Jura. Of the 95.6 % inhabitants are French-speaking, German-speaking 3.4 % and 0.7 % portugiesischsprachig (as of 2000). The population of Courchavon amounted in 1850 to 306 residents in 1900 to 311 inhabitants. During the 20th century, the population fluctuated always in the range 270-320 people.

Economy

The still predominantly agricultural village had something watchmaking industry in the 19th century. Except in agriculture and local small businesses, there are few jobs in the village. Many workers are therefore commuters and work in the region Porrentruy.

Traffic

Courchavon is located on the busy busy main road of Porrentruy via the border crossing Boncourt to Belfort Montbéliard or in France. If it seems likely the A16 motorway, which is to be connected by 2015 both to the Swiss national road network as well as to the French motorway network, will be opened by Boncourt to Porrentruy in 2012, the village should be relieved of through traffic. On September 23, 1872, the railway Porrentruy - dent was opened with a station in Courchavon by the PD.

History

Findings of two flints prove the presence of human settlements during the Stone Age in the municipality of Courchavon. The village is first mentioned in 1279 as Corchavon. The name probably goes back to the farm of a man with the Latin name Calvus. Courchavon told the eventful history of the Ajoie who first came to the Prince-Bishopric of Basel in 1271. From the 16th to the 18th century it belonged together with Mormont to Meier office Courtedoux. During the Thirty Years' War, the village was destroyed in 1635.

Between 1793 and 1815 Courchavon belonged to France and was initially part of the département du Mont- Terrible, associated from 1800 with the Department of Haut -Rhin. By the decision of the Congress of Vienna, the place came in 1815 to the canton of Bern and on 1 January 1979 at the newly founded Canton Jura.

Courchavon was originally involved in the merger project Basse- Allaine. However, in June 2007, the community got out - especially for fiscal reasons. Therefore, the community was founded on 1 January 2009 is formed only from Buix, Courtemaîche and Montignez.

Attractions

The parish church of Saint -Jean was built in 1844-45. It has in a side chapel is a Madonna with Child from the 13th century, one of the most beautiful Gothic Madonna statues of Switzerland. From an elevated position above the village is the Tour de Mormont, the late-Gothic bell tower of an coming from the 1628 church, which was demolished in the 19th century. In the vicinity are the ruins of the old castle Châtelvouhay, which was inhabited in the 13th and 14th centuries. In the hamlet Mormont is the chapel built in 1974 Saint -Nicolas de Flue.

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