Crocus biflorus
Zweiblütiger crocus (Crocus biflorus )
The Zweiblütige crocus (Crocus biflorus ) or Scottish crocus is a plant of the genus Crocus (Crocus ).
Features
The Zweiblütige crocus is a perennial tuber Geophyt, achieved the stature heights 5-10 centimeters. The Knoll shell is smooth, membranous or leathery and has transverse rings on the ground up. The 3-5 (rarely to 9) leaves are 2 to 3 mm wide. There are two bracts and 2 (rarely 1-4 ) flowers available. The Perigonzipfel measure 18 to 30 ( to 35) × (4 to ) 6 to 12 millimeters and are white to purple. The outer perigone have on the outside is often 3 to 5 cores violet.
The flowering period extends from February to March, rarely also from October to November.
Occurrence
The Zweiblütige crocus comes in Italy, Sicily, the Balkans, the Crimea, in Turkey, in the eastern Caucasus, in Transcaucasia, in the north-west Iraq and northern Iran. The species grows on open rocky slopes and in alpine grassland.
System
The species is very rich in form, there are 14 sub-species distinction (selection):
- Crocus biflorus subsp. biflorus: The leaves are 0.5 to 2 millimeters wide. The flowers are purple blue. The throat and the anthers are yellow. The subspecies occurs in Italy, Sicily, Rhodes and in northwest Turkey.
- Crocus biflorus subsp. pulchricolor ( Herb. ) B.Mathew: The flowers are violet-blue, not striped and dark below. The throat is yellow. The subspecies occurs in northwest Turkey ago at altitudes from 1000 to 2300 meters.
- Crocus biflorus subsp. weldeni ( Hoppe et Fürnr. ) B.Mathew: The flowers are white and sometimes run blue at the bottom. The throat is not yellow. The subspecies occurs in the Western Balkans from Istria to northern Albania.
- Crocus biflorus subsp. Alexandrian ( Velen. ) B.Mathew: The flowers are white. The outer side of the outer perigone is purple. The throat is not yellow. The subspecies is found in southwestern Bulgaria and in South Serbia.
- Crocus biflorus subsp. melantherus ( Boiss. et Orph. ) B.Mathew: The flowers are white, its exterior is striped dark. The anthers are black purple before opening. The flowering period extends from October to November. The subspecies occurs in southern Greece.
- Crocus biflorus subsp. nubigena ( Herb. ) B.Mathew: The plant reaches heights of growth 5-9 (rarely to 13) centimeters. The shell of the bulb breaks on the ground up all around and is leathery. The leaves are 0.5 to 1 (rarely to 1.5 ) mm wide. The flowers are white or purple - blue. The outer bracts have on the outside of three longitudinal stripes. The anthers are blackish - brown. The capsule is 10 to 15 millimeters in size. The flowering period extends from February to March (rarely to April). The subspecies occurs in the eastern Aegean Sea. Karpathos it grows on Phrygana and Lehmflächen at altitudes of 1200 meters.
Use
The Zweiblütige Crocus is widely used as an ornamental plant in borders and rock gardens. The species is in cultivation since at least 1601. There are numerous varieties.