Cultural area

Cultural area generally referred to the current distribution area ( region or country) a circumscribed culture - in contrast to the ethnological " cultural complex " ( Culture Province), often recorded a historical, more original area of ​​distribution. The folklore deals with the European cultural area and distinguishes the supranational German cultural and linguistic area, for example, in a Bavarian cultural area in Austria and Bavaria, and a Low German cultural area in the east of the Netherlands and northern Germany. Generalizing part is spoken by the French or British culture room, which can also include overseas territories and former colonies. In terms of religions, for example, distinguish between a Catholic Christian and an Islamic culture.

" Cultural space compression " refers to complementary or competing cultural spaces that overlap in the same place or in the same region, such as in border areas (see also cultural border, language border ).

" Cultural region forming " refers to the conscious and unconscious manipulative design the mental image perception of a cultural space by politics and society. Thus, the identification of space and culture is achieved with its population in order to justify, for example, territorial claims.

Importance for the Folklore

As part of the ethnographic exploration of regional differences is asked about the characteristics and origins of individual cultural spaces. A distinction is made in relic areas and Novation rooms: In a relic altar area term culture phenomena have been handed down over long periods of time; in a Novation room the other hand, technical achievements could quickly prevail and spread.

The cultural area of research developed in the 1920s in the Rhineland, then spread but in large parts of Europe. The main focus of the scientists involved was up in the 1980s on the creation of so-called Folklore atlases in order to illustrate the findings optimally ( see main article: Atlas of German folklore ).

Through the Nazi instrumentalization of the term during the time of Hitler's dictatorship (1933-1945) in the so-called Third Reich culture research room was so discredited that it was conducted after the Second World War in modest scale. Henry L. Cox, Gerda Coarse - luck and in particular Günter Wiegel man gave her more attention.

In the early folklore and ethnology German cultural area was next to the term " cultural province " was used.

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