Cyperus

Brown purple nutsedge ( Cyperus fuscus )

Zypergräser form a large genus from the family of the Sedge family ( Cyperaceae ), with over 600 species.

Features

The Zypergräser are annuals or perennials. The stem is triangular or round. He is leafy at the base.

The total inflorescence is provided with foliage leaf-like bracts, and is composed of flat ears. The ears are sessile and tufted, or they are stalked and arranged spirrig. The individual spikelets are densely floriferous and have two lines standing, keeled bracts. Only with Cyperus michelianus the bracts are three lines. In all bracts sit flowers. The flowers are hermaphroditic: in the armpit of a carrier sheet to a three stamens and ovary with two or three scars.

The nut fruits are lenticular in zweinarbigen types, triangular in dreinarbigen.

Species

There are 300 to 600 species, 27 of which are native in Europe.

In Central Europe the following species occur:

  • Maroon purple nutsedge, Cyperus badius Poir.
  • Yellowish nutsedge, Cyperus flavescens L. ( syn.. Pycreus flavescens (L.) P.Beauv ex Rchb. )
  • Brown nutsedge, Cyperus fuscus L.
  • Fresh Green purple nutsedge, Cyperus eragrostis Lam.
  • Nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L.
  • Hank nutsedge, Cyperus L. glomeratus
  • High nutsedge, Cyperus longus L. ( with two subspecies )
  • Dwarf purple nutsedge, Cyperus michelianus (L.) Delile
  • Pannonisches nutsedge, Cyperus pannonicus Jacq.

Other types (selection):

  • Cyperus L. alternifolius (often simply referred to as " nutsedge " in the trade)
  • Dune nutsedge, Cyperus capitatus Vand.
  • Papyrus, Cyperus papyrus L.
  • Cyperus rotundus L. nut grass, field and garden herb
  • Tenerife purple nutsedge ( Cyperus rubicundus Vahl, syn: Cyperus teneriffae Poir. )

Etymology

The genus name Cyperus was already used by Pliny the Elder for the nutsedge. The name derives from the Greek kýperon what a water or meadow plant with aromatic root labeled ( Homer, Theophrastus, Herodotus ). Maybe it comes from kuparo - from Mycenaean, which is interpreted as Cyperus longus. A connection with Greek kypros Henna and Kyprion plantain, both of which are considered Semitic loanwords is discussed, but is uncertain.

Documents

  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Exkursionsflora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. Second, improved and expanded edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Centre of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5.
  • Rudolf Schubert, Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (ed.): Exkursionsflora the territories of the GDR and the FRG. Founded by Werner Roth painter. 13-14. Edition. Volume 2: vascular plants, people and knowledge, Berlin 1987/1988, ISBN 3-06-012539-2.
  • Siegmund Seybold (ed.): Schmeil - Fitschen interactive. CD -ROM, Version 1.1, Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6.
  • Gordon C. Tucker, Brian G. Marcks, J. Richard Carter: Cyperus. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 23: Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae ( in part): Cyperaceae, Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford et al 2002, ISBN 0-19-515207-7, p 141, online.
Ovary (botany) Cyperus alternifolius
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