Cyrillic numerals
The number Cyrillic font is based on the Cyrillic alphabet. It is used in the South and East Slavs, especially in Church Slavonic texts written in old Cyrillic alphabet. Since the 16th century in addition also Indian and Roman numerals were used. In by Peter I. in 1708 introduced bourgeois font Cyrillic numerals are no longer used.
Numerical values of the Cyrillic letters
The number system used in the Cyrillic alphabet is an addition system in which a total of 27 characters for the numbers to nine (1, 2, ... 9), the multiple of ten (10, 20, ... 90) and the multiples of one hundred (100, 200, 900 ... ) are available.
This system is based directly on the Milesian type of Greek number font. Therefore, all Cyrillic letters have the numerical value of the corresponding Greek letters. The obsolete already in the Greek letter stigma / Digamma, Koppa and Sampi that only were there more as numerals in use were replaced by not going back to the Greek Cyrillic letters that looked similar to these externally. All other specific Slavic letters ( б, ж, ш, щ, etc.) and therefore have no value.
To indicate that the letter should not be interpreted as phonetic values , rather than numbers, a titlo is set on the number representation (sometimes on every single number sign). ( In Greek, stands in this capacity an apostrophe after the presentation. ) Often the representation of a number is also included in points.
A comparison of the partial Cyrillic and Glagolitic voneneinander different numerical values of the letters contains the article " Glagolitic number font ".
Combination of the number of characters
Numbers that are not greater than 10 and divisible by 10 is written by combining the number of characters to a sum, so for example, 23 = 20 3 (Cyrillic · кг҃ · ) or 735 = 700 30 5 ( · ѱл҃е · ). " Zeros " will be omitted ( similar to the Roman number font ), so for example 705 = 700 5 ( · · ѱе҃ ).
The characters are generally written from left to right in descending size. A special feature is that the number from 11 to 19 according to the order when speaking "backwards " are written, so 113 = 100 3 10 ( · · рг҃і ) according to the pronunciation as sъto tri na Deseti ' three hundred ten ' ( cf. German hundred - thirteen ). The numbers from 21 are, however, spoke against the Germans in the "logical" order and written, for example, 123: sъto dъvě Deseti tri ' two hundred - ten three ' (. Engl see a hundred and twenty-three ), so 100 20 3 ( · · рк҃г ).
Numbers from 1000
Because there is no numeral for thousand, the highest representable with this system number is 999 (900 90 9, · · цч҃ѳ ). For numbers from 1000, therefore, a thousand characters ( ҂ ) is written before a letter indicating that the numerical value of the following letters by 1000 is to be multiplied, so ҂ а = 1000, ҂ в = 2000, etc. ( The Greek word here is a kind of comma before the number, so ͵ α, ͵ β, etc.)
Examples:
- = · · ҂ аѱ҃ѕ = 1706
- = · · ҂ зри҃і = 7118 (equivalent to a year since the creation according to the Byzantine era to 1610 AD)
In this manner, even higher numbers, for example, · · ҂ к҃ = 20 000 or · ҂ ц ҂ ч ҂ ѳ҃цчѳ · 999 = 999 can be represented, But there are also other notations for representing orders of magnitude: