Dairy#Milking machines

The milking machine is a device at various agricultural dams (mostly cows) to obtain milk from the udder ( milking ).

History

Milking machines are used since the 19th century, electric operated since the early 20th century.

Features and Functions

Depending on the house type, there are nowadays built- milking ( milking parlors in loose housing ), partly transferable ( in pipeline milking systems in tie or mobile on pastures ). Since 1992 milking robots are used in some companies.

Composed of:

• Two to four milking, or a teat cup, depending on the species,
• The milk collecting piece, including central ( ostdt. ) called
• Short and long milk tubes,
• Short and long air hoses,
• The pulsator,
• The milk line,
• The milk separator,
• A milk-collecting tank,
• The vacuum pump ( positive displacement or water ring pump)
• A cooling device and the cleaning device (usually cleaning machine ).

The teat cups are placed over the teats of the udder, the pulsating vacuum is applied: Under pressure and release ( ie no vacuum ) alternate mostly from a 3:2 ratio. The negative pressure is chosen such that the teat a milking vacuum of about 40 kPa is applied (see, air pressure at 101 kPa). The milking vacuum is defined as the difference between the system pressure and atmospheric pressure, in this case the milking vacuum of 40 kPa, the system pressure is therefore 61 kPa. This high ( side effect of pulsation, also pulsating) vacuum can be found at most as the maximum value in the space enclosed by teat cup teat part. The actual udder pressure, "earlier " in the udder cistern, is usually from 0-3 kPa pressure (hydrostatic or (3-5 kPa) after stimulation).

Milk flows from the teat cups of the milk hoses into the milk separator. From there, the milk is pumped to the milk cooling tank. Where it is then cooled and stored until use.