Dasein

The term of existence is often used in philosophy synonymous to existence. A particular twist was this notion by existentialism and related philosophical directions. Here existence is preferred as a more fundamental concept of the already widely interpreted and categorized term "man."

The existence of Hegel

In his dialectical logic Hegel unfolds with the term being his conception of finitude - infinity. Hegel defined in his encyclopedia existence as a definite being (quality), as "the unity of being and nothingness, in the immediacy of these provisions and thus in their relationship their contradiction has disappeared - a unit in which they are only moments ... ". Existence is subject to the Will, the rise and fall and to be regarded as something mutable. But so that it is in the form of simple unit set with itself as one of the moments of becoming, of being. It is in Hegel's dialectical logic, the basic determination of each bit. Such a set is something for him only by his limit against others what it is. He points out, however, that he is not quantitative, but qualitative limit means here. " Consider, for example, a plot of land, three acres of which is large, so this is its quantitative limit. Next and this property is a meadow and not forest or pond, and this is its qualitative limit. " In the other from even the limit of something is objectively. Daseiendes is so in two respects finite. Once there is a composite of being and nothingness, and is so to speak, with one foot in the non-existence. This finite moment makes its variability, its contradiction. Then it borders conceptually compared to others on the outside, and is in turn finally. These moments make its internal and external negation. With the existence of something whose existence is not yet set in Hegel. The existent Something is different from the existing Something that the so-called thing. The thing is determined by its properties over others. His essential existence is the appearance.

For the meaning of the term " existence " in existentialism and related philosophical currents

In existentialism and in the fundamental ontology of Martin Heidegger, the concept of existence is separated from the mere existence: things are " available " to the people but " existence " (existence) is attributed: "Because existence, consciousness is and I as consciousness 'm here, are for me things only as objects of consciousness " (like all following quotations from being and Time ).

According to Heidegger, Dasein features a being that relates itself to itself and the being, as well as to other beings: "being understood in any way and explicitness in its being beings this is that with this and by its being opened up himself. is. " ( S.11f ). Existence is ontic particularly excellent. " The ontic distinction of existence is that it is ontological. " Existence is not only passive placing them in a given world of things, but has the character of a design in terms of opportunities in a structured context of relationships ( Heidegger World calls them) are open. In particular: " The existence sees himself getting out of his existence, a way it yourself or not it to be his own self. " Existence is marked for Heidegger by what he calls the " frailty " and " being thrown ", as far as the possibilities designs on the back of existence itself, is not only self- selected: " These possibilities, the existence of either self- selected or is carried into them or ever have grown up with it. "

For Karl Jaspers D. is related to the sense of fulfillment in life. " In existence is only the choice between energized sinking of existence and tense, never definitive realization of existence in subjectivity and objectivity " ( K.Jaspers, in: Philosophy I, 7, 349 ).

JP Sartre emphasizes the freedom of the individual and delimits the existentialist concept of freedom of Hegel's conception of freedom as the realization of the necessity sharply. Man is, according to Sartre were, the creator of his nature, which can take all its decisions not only free, but even must ( " condemned to be free " is ).

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