David Pines
David Pines ( born June 8, 1924 in Kansas City, Missouri) is an American theoretical physicist who deals with solid-state theory and many-body theory and the founding director of the Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter ( ICAM ) of the University of California, a now internationally active institution for the exploration of emergent phenomena, especially the science of biology, chemistry and physics.
Life and work
Pines studied at the University of California, Berkeley (Bachelor 1944) and Princeton University (Master 1948), where he received his doctorate in 1950. After that, he was at the University of Pennsylvania, 1952-1955 Assistant Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign ( UIUC ) and then from 1955 to 1958 in Princeton, where he was 1958/59 member of the Institute for Advanced Study. In 1959 he became professor of physics and electrical engineering at UIUC, where he remained until 1995 and from 1967 to 1970 Founding Director of the Center for Advanced Study was. Pines was, inter alia, Visiting Professor 1962/63 and 1978 in Paris (College de France), Leiden ( Lorentz Professor ), Caltech, 1970 in Copenhagen ( NORDITA ), 1970 and 1978 at the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1996/97 at Los Alamos National Laboratory, 1998 Stockholm in 2000 and at Trinity College, Cambridge. 1989 to 2002 he was a ( non-resident ) Professor at the Santa Fe Institute (which he co-founded, from 1982 to 1996 he was Vice- Chairman of the Science Board ). In 1968, he was the initiator of an exchange program between the U.S. and the USSR.
Pines was 1962/63 and 1970/71 Guggenheim Fellow. In 1985 he was awarded the Dirac Medal of the University of New South Wales ( Dirac Lecture ) and 1985 the first Feenberg Medal. He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ( since 1973), the Russian and Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
In the 1950s Pines employed, inter alia, with the electron gas (some with David Bohm and Philippe Nozières ), electron -phonon interaction in metals ( with John Bardeen ) application of the theory of superfluidity in atomic nuclei (some with Aage Bohr and Ben Mottelson ) Bosonengas ( with Hugenholtz ) and Supra Liquid helium (some with Gordon Baym, John Bardeen ). With these studies, he established himself as one of the pioneers of the many-body theory. From the 1980s, he also turned to astrophysics, explored with Vielteilchenmethoden the equation of state of matter in neutron stars (like Hans Bethe ), examined high-temperature superconductors and many-body systems as examples of complex - adaptive systems ( creation of " emergent " behavior).