Daylighting

In the architecture is meant by exposure, the illumination of a room with natural light. The illumination with artificial light, however, is called illumination.

Basics

The exposure of buildings is done by windows (skylights, skylight ) are arranged in the exterior walls or roof, with glass walls, facades and roofs, as well as thanks to directional lighting in the interior by means of suitable room design with openings and transparency to windows. In large building complexes, atriums or atria are inserted to ensure adequate exposure of all areas of the building.

In the planning of buildings, the adequate supply of daylight is an important aspect. Many parameters are taken into account, the position of the building plot, the orientation of the structure, size and arrangement of window openings, the depth of the space, the type of glazing and solar shading.

Gaining increasing the exposure of buildings also important with regard to energy-optimized construction. Daylight systems and daylighting design are suitable to eliminate large amounts of energy.

Sheddachartige dome construction Museu de la Ciència i de la Tecnica de Catalunya ( mNACTEC ), Terrassa, Catalonia, Lluís Muncunill, 1907/8

Exposure thanks to directional lighting in the interior. Mairie Boulogne- Billancourt, Tony Garnier, 1934

Great Train Weight skylight through glass roof-like Dachbefensterung Shop L Watermark Restaurant, Hong Kong Central Star Ferry Pier 7, 21th century

Light-guiding systems

Sometimes special light guide systems are used. You can direct daylight deep into a building or filter. A few examples:

• There are lamellar systems that are installed in the room or even between the two panes of double glazing and reflect the sunlight to the ceiling of the underlying space. Thus, a uniform illumination is achieved and a greater depth of space possible. These systems are mainly used in office buildings for use.
• Are becoming increasingly popular in private housing so-called " daylight tubes ". There are various names of the companies for these products. They are, for example, " daylight spot" Solarspot or " Solatube " called. Are tubes which are coated internally reflective. They are mounted between the roof and ceiling space and thus bring daylight (not just direct sunlight) into the house without a window is necessary.
• Another system with rotating heliostats and light pipe broke in Potsdamer Platz station in Berlin used. However, heliostats only work in direct sunlight. You can capture not diffuse daylight.
• At the headquarters of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation in Hong Kong by Norman Foster also directs a large mirror the sunlight deep into the central atrium of the building.
• At the Kimbell Art Museum in Forth Worth, Texas by Louis Kahn filter special elements, the light and spread it on a barrel vault in order to achieve a uniform illumination of the art museum.

Norms and Standards

• DIN 5034 Daylight in interiors

In Germany, the requirements are set out in the workplace guidelines and in national building codes with respect to the exposure of rooms.