Deep inelastic scattering

The deep inelastic scattering is a scattering of an elementary particle kinetic energy, such as an electron, muon neutrinos or, at a nucleon with large energy and momentum transfer. In such scattering processes shows that much more scattered electrons are detected with lower energy than is due to resonances of the nucleon, such as the Δ - resonance, expected. The deep inelastic scattering suggests that nucleons called from point-like constituents, partons are built. It was found that the partons are postulated by Murray Gell-Mann quarks. The interaction of the nucleons with the electrons so happens to quarks in the nucleon.

Scattering experiments

Physical scattering experiments provide information about the structure of particles. With the Rutherford scattering showed that an atom from a small, massive, positively charged nucleus and a lot of empty space with the negatively charged electrons exists. The alpha particles enter at the Rutherford scattering from no kinetic energy, it is an elastic scattering.

The deep inelastic scattering is an inelastic scattering on nucleons, that is, the scattered particles give kinetic energy to the nucleon from. The scattered particles with very high kinetic energy of the nucleon, which has the consequence that they have a de Broglie wavelength is much smaller than the size of the nucleon. The deep inelastic scattering is the scattering information about the structure deep in the nucleon due to the sufficiently short wavelength.

Electron-proton scattering

By the scattering of electrons on the proton one tries to determine the non-dimensional structure and functions. Here is the transferred four-momentum and the Bjorken scaling. If the structure functions not from the four-momentum -dependent, it indicates that the electrons are scattered by point-like constituents of the proton.