Dichlorvos

• Dichlorvos
• Dichlorfos
• Chlorvinphos
• Vinylphosphonic
• 2,2- dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate
• DDVP

• QP52AB03
• QP53AF04

Colorless liquid

Liquid

1.43 g · cm -3 ( 20 ° C)

<80 ° C.

140 ° C (13 hPa)

2.1 Pa ( 25 ° C)

In water 8-10 g · l-1

Risk

0.11 ml · m -3, or 1 mg · m-3

Template: Infobox chemical / molecular formula search available

Dichlorvos 1951 is inserted insecticide from the group of phosphoric acid esters. Dichlorvos is a viscous, colorless to yellow- brown liquid. It has an aromatic odor and is flammable.

Production

Dichlorvos can be produced both by the dehydrochlorination of trichlorfon as well as by the reaction of trimethyl phosphite and chloral. The annual world production in 1984 was about 4220 t. Of these, about 300 have been t produced in Western Europe.

Use

As a contact and stomach poison dichlorvos is used against pests in the hygiene sector and in agriculture. In Germany several more dichlorvos preparations for the protection of stored products were approved by the end of 2006. In November 2006, the EU Directive 2006/92/EC was published, after the dichlorvos residues in food may be detectable only in very low ratio. The approvals of all dichlorvoshaltigen pesticides were to implement this Directive in Germany and Austria in the course of 2007 (Means for stock protection are pivotal legally as plant protection products ) withdrawn. In Switzerland, dichlorvos can be used in greenhouse crops against aphids, caterpillars, spider mites, whitefly and thrips. Some of those admitted for the protection of stored products sprays and cold fogging agents contain pyrethrins as an additional active ingredients.

Accordance with European legislation (Directive 98/8/EC concerning the placing of biocidal products ), and by decision of 10 May 2012, a decision before the active substance dichlorvos not in the appropriate list ( Annex I / IA of Directive 98/ 8 / EC ) for biocidal products (product type 18 record ). The release of biocidal products containing the active substance dichlorvos is therefore in the EU ( Switzerland has adopted this provision ) is no longer allowed for insecticides from 1 November 2012.

Biological Significance

For invertebrates, fish, birds and bees Dichlorvos is highly toxic. Dichlorvos showed mutagenic effects in tests with microorganisms. In mammals entered this - probably because of the rapid degradation in the organism - not on. In long-term feeding studies with extremely high doses carcinogenic effects have been demonstrated in mice and rats. Then, the IARC classification of principle lack of carcinogenic potential was changed to potentially carcinogenic potential.

The tendency to bioaccumulate is very low because of the ester in water, rapidly hydrolyzed in alkaline medium. Dichlorvos is rapidly degraded by microorganisms in water and soil.

Safety

Dichlorvos acts as all phosphates, inhibit the enzyme cholinesterase and thereby interfere with the function of nerve cells. The substance can not only be recorded via the gastrointestinal tract, but also through inhalation or through the skin. Risk is greatest when dealing directly with dichlorvos and due to the high vapor pressure in a recording via the respiratory tract. The quantities ingested with food and drinking water are low. The WHO takes as permitted daily dose for the tolerable daily intake of 4 g / kg / d.

In various studies with animals such as mice, rats and dogs dichlorvos showed symptoms such as drowsiness, diarrhea, vomiting ( dog), increased lacrimation, and muscle tremors (mouse, rat), dyspnea ( rat) and dysfunction of the salivary gland ( rat).