Dinar

• Current currency
• Earlier currency.

Dinar (Arabic دينار, DMG Dinar ) is the historical gold nominal in Islamic culture. The label can be linguistically derived from the Roman denarius ( denarius aureus). The dinar was minted for the first time as part of the coinage reform of the Umayyad Abd al -Malik in 696 Even today dinar denote different national currencies, mostly of Arabic-speaking countries.

The beginnings of the dinar by the monetary reform of Abd al -Malik

In the first fifty years of the Islamic expansion, the conquering Arabs in the conquered territories, first the coins were there in circulation imitated. In the Sassanid Empire mono-metallic silver standard was used, the Byzantines, however, dominated exclusively gold and copper coins. In the earlier Sassanid provinces after the Islamic expansion continued coins with the picture of the heads of Chosroes II, or III Yazdegerd. embossed on the obverse and a fire temple on the lapel. Was changed only the date, and was a short pious legend in Kufic and the name of the Arab rulers added. Occasionally there were also experimental trials Islamic symbols or portraits depict Muslim ruler. It was not until 696, the year of the coinage reform of the Umayyad Abd al -Malik, was in his domain a bimetallic monetary system consisting of gold coin and silver coin used. The 696 introduced Dinar is the gold coin in this system: For this purpose, the Byzantine solidus was taken as a model and replaced the portrait of the emperor Heraclius by the portrait of the Caliph. Following the imaged coins were completely replaced by aniconic, purely epigraphic pieces and thus enforced the Islamic prohibition of images for coins. The Islamic expansion brought with it that the dinar in the early and high Middle Ages to the most important gold currency in the world was. Over a period of 750 years, the dinar showed high stability. With the beginning of the Renaissance, however, its importance waned - except in North Africa - through the dissemination of coin types from the Christian culture. As before, the Celts imitated the Greek and Roman currencies, received the Christian rulers in Spain, Sicily and Jerusalem to the Arab coins. As an example here would be particularly Tari, which was used in Sicily, Malta and southern Italy and is strongly influenced by the Arab quarter dinars to call.

Modern currencies that name

• Algerian Dinar
• Bahraini Dinar
• Iraqi Dinar

• Jordanian Dinar
• Kuwaiti Dinar
• Libyan Dinar

• Macedonian Denar
• Serbian Dinar
• Tunisian Dinar
• Islamic Dinar ( unofficially )

No longer in use

• Swiss dinar (Autonomous Kurdish areas of northern Iraq)
• Yugoslavian Dinar
• Croatian Dinar
• Bosnian dinar
• Kraijina Dinar ( Republic of Serbian Krajina )

• Republika Srpska - Dinar ( Republika Srpska )
• Abu Dhabi dinar ( Abu Dhabi )
• Sudanese Dinar
• Südjemenitischer Dinar ( South Yemen )
• South Arabian Dinar ( South Arab Federation )

The subdivision of the Iranian Rial is called dinars, however it is rendered meaningless by inflation.