Diocese of Roskilde (Roman-Catholic)

The Diocese of Roskilde ( Roschildia ) was an existing from the late 10th to the early 16th century Diocese of Western Catholic Church. In its place was built in 1537, the Lutheran Diocese Zealand, its immediate successor in the Diocese of Copenhagen. 1922 a new ( Lutheran ) Diocese of Roskilde was formed.

History

The Diocese of Roskilde was founded in 991 as a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Hamburg -Bremen. The first historically tangible Bishop was the Englishman Gerbrand, the king Knut the left consecrate in 1022 by the Archbishop of Canterbury Great ( in personal union king of England). Archbishop Unwan of Bremen, however, managed to secure the connection to his archbishopric. The diocesan territory included in addition to the Baltic islands of Zealand and Møn - each with its offshore islets - initially also the time belonging to Denmark Skåne, but for 1060 the dioceses of Dalby and Lund were built. Since the collection of the archbishopric of Lund in 1104 the diocese of Roskilde belonged to the ecclesiastical province of Lund. 1169 conquered by Denmark Rügen was incorporated into the diocese.

Bishop Absalon was about 1160 as a royal fief of the small port settlement Havn, which he expanded and out of the city of Copenhagen was established. Here he built a castle in 1167 ( at the point where Christiansborg Palace stands today ). In the following period the bishops resided frequently in this castle or the after its destruction at the end of the 14th century, newly built Københavns Slot, later in bispegaarden ( at the site of the current University main building). As the cathedral, however, was built ( the same location as two previous churches ) of about 1170 to about 1280 Roskilde Cathedral.

In the 13th century the bishops were often involved in armed conflict with the Danish kings. In the late Middle Ages, it always served as Chancellor of the Reich. The diocese was about a quarter of the land in Zealand; it thus outstripped even the Archdiocese of Lund to wealth.

After the victory of the Reformation -minded King Christian III. in the civil war of the last Bishop Joachim Rønnow was deposed in 1536 and captured. Instead of the Catholic Diocese of the Lutheran Diocese Zealand was built (without the long Pomeranian Rügen). The superintendents (later bishops ) of Zealand, who had also the function of a primus inter pares among the Danish bishops, indeed resided in Copenhagen ( in the former university building ), but still had the Roskilde Cathedral as the main church.

The Roman Catholic Church led the Diocese of Roskilde to 1964 continued as titular Roskilde. 1868 Apostolic Prefecture was built from the 1953 Roman Catholic Diocese of Copenhagen was established.

Bishops

Among the bishops ( including those after 1536) see List of bishops of Roskilde.