Dionycha

Dionycha form a group of the Real spiders ( Araneomorphae: Entelegynae ), at their Fußendgliedern ( tarsi ) bear two claws.

Among the approximately 10,000 species of Dionycha the most species-rich family of jumping spiders ( Salticidae ), the superfamily of Gnaphosoidea, the crab spiders ( Thomisidae ), the sac spider ( Clubionidae ) are assigned, a total of 17 families. Members of the Dionycha have highly developed sensory organs than other arachnids, above all, they have a well-developed sense of sight to, and even surprise you with Balztänzen or Balzgesängen.

Presumably, the Dionycha from the network be built Trionycha have developed, perhaps it is with them a paraphyletic group - the relationships are still unclear. Unlike Trionycha Dionycha have only two instead of three Tarsalklauen and are therefore also referred to as "two -mouth spiders " or modern running spiders, as many of them not weave nets. This small difference is crucial to very different ways of life and thus also for the evolution of spiders ( Aranea ).

The person responsible for the "three- claws - spinning" for secure gripping and guiding the silk thread bristled means claw missing from the Dionycha. They will be replaced dense clumps of Scopulahaaren that generate strong adhesion forces and make some species to pronounced climbers, sprinters and jumpers. The prey is not caught by sticky nets and cocooned, but most actively hunted by Ambush and stalking. Although species of the superfamily Lycosoidea as wolf spiders and lynx spiders are hunting spiders, but are among the Trionycha. The ability to produce silk is used in many other ways, for example, caves, egg sacs or " safety lines " ( jumping spiders ) to produce.

The hunting strategy required a further development of the sense organs of the walking legs and thus a striking morphological transformation. Especially the jumping spiders have, in addition to typical Spider acoustic, tactile and chemical senses a good sense of vision and an amazing nervous power and speed. This will also involve a more sophisticated intraspecific communication, for example, cause some types of mating displays, always produce infrasonic sounds and some males have an eye-catching jewelry on.

The Dionycha include, for example:

• Beef sack spiders ( Corinnidae )
• Field spiders ( Liocranidae )
• Gnaphosoidea (7 families)
• Sac spiders ( Clubionidae, over 2000 species )
• Delicately spiders ( Anyphaenidae )
• Jumping spiders ( Salticidae, > 4000 species)
• Crab spiders ( Thomisidae, > 3000 species)
• Running spiders ( Philodromidae )
• Giant crab spiders ( Sparassidae )
• Selenopidae
• Hiking spiders ( Zoridae )