Direct case

As rectus [ rɛktʊs ] (actually Latin: casus rectus " straight case " ), a case referred to, in which normally the subject of the sentence is - the " rectus " So would the Germans in the nominative case. The term " straight case " goes back to the representation of Kasusrelationen in Greek grammar tradition of Stoicism. The term " rectus " is used especially in languages ​​with two contrasting case; its counterpart is the oblique (or casus obliquus ) - in German could be summarized genitive, dative and accusative under the generic term " oblique ".

In Indo-Aryan languages ​​of the rectus has three functions: patientive of transitive verbs, agent of transitive and intransitive verbs. About a case rectus example, has Hindi, which as a third case still has a vocative; the rectus is used here (except for transitive verbs in the perfective aspect ) as subject and indefinite object while the oblique faces postpositions and is sometimes used to form adverbs:

Rectus: Kalkattâ Calcutta   Oblique: Kalkatte to Calcutta               Kalkatte se from Calcutta Custom shapes for the rectus (formed from the Latin nominative ) as the subject in contrast to the oblique (formed from the Latin accusative ) were also obtained in Old French with some declension:

Singular                             rectus oblique   1st Class feminines: none < Nonna nonayne < * nonnáne (m)   3rd class feminines: suer < Soror seror < soróre (m)   1st class masculine: murs < MURUS mur < Muru (m)   3rd class masculine: emperedre < Imperator emperedor < imperatóre (m)       Plural ( feminine vote in the forms of the rectus and the oblique generally match )                             rectus oblique   1st class masculine: mur < muri murs < muros   3rd class masculine: emperedor ( s ) < imperatóres emperedors < imperatóres The shape emperedor (s) in rectus Mask. Pl etymologically has a -s ( from the Latin ending - it ), but this often loses in analogy to the nouns of the first class.

• Grammatical case