Direct Instruction

Direct instruction is a teaching concept (a " didactic model " ), which starts from the premise that it is the task of the teacher to teach students something and derives rules for the most effective design of classroom instruction.

Direct instruction is a counterpoint to developments that dominate the early 21st century in many schools. In theory, " teacher ' " and " chalk and talk " may be refused, in practice, however, outweighs a suboptimal variant of frontal teaching: a tough question-and- answer game ( " quiz without price ", see questioning - developing lessons). One absolutisation the constructivist view, the students learn only what he disclosing itself is relied before the student can develop something that one must make information available to him only once.

Direct instruction is in small steps: the phases

• Demonstration / presentation of new material
• Practicing under the guidance of
• Individual practice

Engage into one another in rapid succession. This is effective learning of the whole class can be achieved while be derived in the conventional " development pattern " in which more extensive thoughts in class discussion, often do not follow all the students, let alone contribute. Teacher questions are in the direct teaching less worked through, rather than individual practice: they are to be located such that 100 percent will be given at the beginning of the exercise period to 80 percent, at the end of correct answers. Wrong answers the teacher immediately corrected in the briefest manner.

Direct instruction is in a tradition that stretches back to the Herbartians and Comenius, but was replaced in the last third of the 20th century by opposing reform efforts and fashions. In the U.S., was developed by Siegfried Engelmann from the more general approach, the "Direct Instruction ", in the most extensive with more than 100,000 students per undertaken long-term study Project Follow Through achieved the best results in the 1970s. Jochen Grell has introduced the German term " direct instruction ".