Distributed control system
A control system used for guiding manufacturing or production and can extend therefrom to certain portion. This can also refer to cognate processes and operations in power generation, traffic engineering, etc.. Here, the control system is to represent a complex temporal and substantive content planning and Istablauf clear and support the controlled human intervention or possible in the first.
The support of human intervention differs a control system of an automated control that initiates automatically based on a target-actual comparison, and by means of sensor signals reactions in the system.
A control system can be used to create a process overview contain a variety of sensors using automatics and also allow actuators to control. However, it is not fully automatic, but still rely on human intervention to function.
In control systems, thus is the man-machine interface is of great importance: a control system is only as good as it ( trained on his task ) to the possibilities and capabilities of the people is set. Neither man can be challenged (eg by stubborn observing cameras), nor may he be overwhelmed ( by a confusion of too many, widely distributed, time to fast of sequential signals or the required responses to the signals ).
Therefore, often part of automatic functions can be integrated into control systems or calculated compacted pre- results and the control center operator (or " control room operator " ) mostly graphically - visual, whereupon the operator of the control system meets reasonable overdue decisions and then carry it by means of the control center intervention.
For all these tasks, a highly detailed analysis of the problem is needed, a system analysis. Suitable for the control task, the input and output parameters of the planning process are described in detail herein. Based on this input and output data, the underlying resources ( capacity, storage areas, flow rates, etc.) are the control center operator often presented from the console proposals and alternatives, under which he then selects or modifies.
Under control systems, complex systems consisting of hardware and software to be understood in the industry, serve the monitoring and control of the respective process (production, distribution). Control systems are used for example in the automotive industry, power generation and distribution, water supply and water disposal, telecommunications, and in security technology.
General process control systems, network control systems and building control systems can be distinguished. The software used is increasingly used on PCs, the control of the processes and their monitoring via programmable logic controllers ( PLCs) or remote control systems ( FWA).
Control systems are often offered by manufacturers of automation equipment and telecontrol equipment, but there are also independent provider.
Consoles
Large control systems have their own control room.
Examples of consoles:
- Air traffic controller job
- Production control of a mechanical or machining production with surface overview of the machines, their occupation, their shift availability, maintenance intervals, CNC program availability, tool and device availability, throughput, energy consumption, resource data ( cooling lubricant use, temperatures and vibrations of critical components )
- Loading of gases and fluids at an oil port terminal
- Current distribution of an energy provider ( Network Control Center )
- Process control the furnace a cement plant
- Luggage distribution of an airport
- Computer-based operations control system
- Traffic Management System: LISB
- Wait a power plant