Djenné-Djenno
Djenne - Djeno ( old - Djenne - also, Jenne - Jeno or Zoboro ) is a mound about three kilometers southeast of Djenne in Mali today. It is the predecessor town of Djenne and one of the oldest urban centers south of the Sahara.
The place is about 33 acres in size and sometimes about eight feet high. He is teardrop shaped and is approximately, before the annual flood protected, on a hill on a now be giving channel of Bani.
At the location of various excavations were carried out from 1977 to 1981, with eleven segments of the city have been excavated. C-14 data have shown that the city was inhabited from about 250 BC to about 1400. The history of the city was divided on the basis of ceramics in four phases (I- IV). As early as 100 AD, they occupied an area of about 25 ha. In phase I-II (ca. 250 BC - 300 AD) lived people from fishing, antelope and domesticated cows. The residents seem to have lived in rather simple huts and mud-brick houses. But there was also a fine ceramic which is decorated with incised patterns, grinding stones for grain and evidence of iron smelting. There were beads that were probably negotiated here from the Mediterranean.
In Phase III (ca. 300-800 AD), the city reached its greatest extent. There is also a fine ceramic which is now partially painted and iron. There were stone beads, copper and gold jewelry. The last few materials have been imported and suggest far-reaching trade relations. There were also some urn burials are dug out of this phase, but so far do not show much social differentiation of the population. The mud-brick houses have been built in this phase close together with narrow alleys between them. The city was surrounded at this time by an approximately 3.6 km long wall. It is believed that there are several thousand people lived.
In Phase IV, a slow decay is detected, until the city was well laid in 1400 with the arrival of Islam, to Djenné. There were numerous terracotta figures. Appear incised images of animals on the ceramic.
1988 Djeno was put together with the old town of Djenne by UNESCO on the list of World Heritage Sites. Furthermore, also located in the flood area of the Bani hills include ( Tougéré ) Kaniana, Tonomba and Hambarketolo to the so- protected sites.