Doctrine

A doctrine (from the Latin doctrina, doctrine ') is a system of views and statements; often with the claim to have general validity.

In political parlance, the doctrine is understood as a policy guideline of the government. You will unilaterally declared by this and does not constitute international law document dar. are well recognized for its foreign policy doctrines of the U.S. President and the former socialist countries of Marxism- Leninism as the state doctrine.

In his religious and philosophical writing Religion within the Limits of Reason Immanuel Kant formulated in 1793 his transition from critique to doctrine.

Examples:

  • Monroe Doctrine (1823 ) on the political isolation and the prohibition of intervention of the United States
  • Calvo Doctrine (1868 ) for waiver of foreign investors on the diplomatic protection law
  • Drago Doctrine (1907 ) on the prohibition of the use of force for the collection of debt
  • Hoover - Stimson Doctrine (1932 ) condemning the Japanese occupation of Manchuria
  • Yoshida Doctrine ( around 1946 ) for Japanese foreign policy
  • Truman Doctrine (1947 ) to the global fight against communism
  • Hallstein Doctrine (1955 ) to prevent the recognition of the GDR
  • Eisenhower Doctrine (1957 ) authorizing, against the Communist aggression with all available means (including the use of nuclear weapons ) to proceed
  • Ulbricht Doctrine (1967 ) to prevent the recognition of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Eastern Bloc
  • Brezhnev Doctrine (1968 ) to " limited sovereignty" of the socialist states
  • Nixon Doctrine (1969 ) for U.S. foreign policy in Asia with a view to Vietnam
  • Reagan Doctrine (1985 ) for U.S. foreign policy in the 1980s and proxy wars
  • Bush Doctrine (also called Wolfowitz Doctrine, 2002) for the general possibility of intervention to perform preventive military intervention in only suspected security threat
  • The essential facilities doctrine (first applied in 1912 ) is a native of the U.S. law, economic policy doctrine to forced granting of licenses and user rights to preserve competition in dominant companies.
  • Various financial doctrines dealing with the rescue of countries or companies in crisis: bail-out as a general term for the rescue of endangered states, municipalities or companies; Too Big to Fail by companies or authorities in the crisis, reaching a rescue size values ​​; Lender of last resort as rescue authority that still helps if other creditors to not ready.
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