Domenico Cimarosa

Domenico Cimarosa ( born December 17, 1749 Aversa, Kingdom of Naples, † January 11, 1801 in Venice ) was an Italian opera composer.

Life

His parents were poor, but anxious to send her son a good education. After moving to Naples, they gave him a free school, which was connected to one of the monasteries of the city. The organist of the monastery, Padre Polcano, who had noticed the intelligence of the boy who taught him in the basic elements of music, as well as the ancient and modern literature in the country. His influence owes Cimarosa free access to the Conservatory of Santa Maria di Loreto, where he remained for eleven years and mainly studied the great masters of the old Italian school. Niccolò Piccinni, Antonio Sacchini and other musicians of rank were among his teachers.

At the age of twenty years, Cimarosa began his career as a composer of opera buffa Le stravaganze del Conte, who in 1772 premiered at the Teatro del Fiorentini in Naples. The work consisted of only two acts, was so attached to supplement the one-act play Le Pazzie Stelladaura di e di Zoroastro, a farce full of humor and eccentricities. In 1774 he was invited to Rome to write an opera for the upcoming season, then he composed the opera buffa L' Italiana in Londra, also known him beyond Naples and made famous.

The next thirteen years of Cimarosa life contains no remarkable events. He worked 1781-82 as maestro di cappella at Ospedaletto in Venice, next wrote a series of operas for various Italian theaters, lived for a time in Rome, partly in Naples, and he was on performance tours. From 1784 to 1787 he lived in Florence and wrote exclusively for the theater of the city. During this period, its productivity is enormous, it consists of comic and serious operas, cantatas and sacred music. The following works among many others are worthy of mention: Caio Mario; the three biblical operas Assalone, La Giuditta and Il Sacrificio d' Abramo, to Il Convito di Pietra, and La ballerina amante, a comic opera, which premiered in Venice with great success.

1787 Cimarosa went at the invitation of Empress Catherine II to Saint Petersburg. At her court he remained four years and also wrote an enormous number of compositions, mostly in the form of pièces d'occasion, most of which not even the names have been preserved. In 1791 he left Russia at the invitation of Emperor Leopold II as his successor as court composer Antonio Salieri in Vienna. Here he composed his masterpiece, Il matrimonio segreto ( The Secret Marriage ), which ranks easily among the best performing opera music. 1793 returned Cimarosa returned to Naples, where Il matrimonio segreto and other works with great applause were taken. Among the compositions from the period of his last stay in Naples, the comic opera Le astuzie femminili and Gli Orazi ed opera seria i Curiazi be mentioned. The latter he wrote in 1796 for Venice and created a work that pointed far beyond the threshold of the 19th century.

During the occupation of Naples by the troops of the French Republic Cimarosa took commissions of the new rulers, so he was detained at the return of the Bourbons and sentenced to death. His sentence was mitigated to a banishment by intervention of influential admirers, so that he could leave Naples in the direction of Saint Petersburg. But his health was now broken, and after a long illness, he died in Venice in January 1801 an inflammation of the colon. The nature of his illness led to the suspicion that he was poisoned by his opponents, but this was rejected in a formal investigation as unfounded. He worked until the last moment of his life, so that one of his operas, Artemisia, remained unfinished at his death.

Apart from the operas Cimarosa wrote dramatic cantatas, church music, piano sonatas, oratorios, symphonies and concertos.

Major works

Le stravaganze del conte ( carn. 1772 Napoli F) [ Le magie di Merlina e Zoroastro; Le pazzie di Stelladaura e Zoroastro ]
La finta par gina ( carn. 1773 Napoli N)
I sdegni per amore ( 1.1776 Napoli N)
I matrimoni in ballo ( carn. 1776 Napoli N)
La frascatana nobile ( Win. 1776 Napoli N) [ La finta frascatana ]
I tre amanti ( 1777 carn. Roma V) [ Le gare degl'amanti ]
Il fanatico per gli antichi Romanized ( pron. 1777 Napoli F)
L' Armida immaginaria ( Sum. 1777 Napoli F)
Gli amanti comici, o sia La famiglia in Scompiglio (1778 Napoli F;? . Carn Crema 1796 ) [ Il matrimonio in commedia; La famiglia stravagante, ovvero Gli amanti comici ]
Il ritorno di Don Calandrino ( 1778 carn. Roma V) [ Armidoro e Laurina ]
Le stravaganze d' amore (1778 Napoli F)
Il matrimonio per industria (1778? Napoli? ) [? ]
La contessina ( Sum. 1778 Bologna) [? ] [ G. Astaritta, Florian Leopold Gassmann ]
Il matrimonio per raggiro (? 1778/9 Roma;? Carn 1802 Roma V. ) [ La donna bizzarra ]
L' italiana in Londra ( carn. 1779 Roma V) [ La virtù premiata ] ( libretto )
L' infedeltà fedele ( Sum. 1779 Napoli Fo)
Le donne rivali ( carn. 1780 Roma V) [ et al. ]
Caio Mario ( carn. 1780 Roma D)
I Finti nobili ( carn. 1780 Napoli F)
Il falegname (1780 Napoli F) [ L' artista ]
L' Avviso ai Maritati (1780? Napoli F) [? ]
Il capriccio drammatico (1781 Torino; ? 1794 London)
Il pittor parigino ( carn. 1781 Roma V) [ Le brame deluse ]
Alessandro nell'Indie ( carn. 1781 Roma A)
L' amante di combattuto dalle donne Punto (1781 Napoli F) [ La biondolina; La Giardiniera fortunata ]
Giunio Bruto ( aut 1781 Verona)
Giannina e Bernardone ( aut 1781 Venezia SS) [ Il villano geloso ]
Il convito ( carn. 1782 Venezia SS) [ The Feast ]
L' amor costante ( carn. 1782 Roma V) [ Giulietta ed Armidoro ]
L' eroe cinese ( August 13, 1782 Napoli SC)
La ballerina amante ( 1782 Napoli F) [ L' amante ridicolo ]
La Circe ( carn. 1783 Milano S)
I due baroni di Rocca Azzurra ( carn. 1783 Roma V) [ Dve nevesty; I due baroni; La sposa in contrasto; Il barone deluso ]
La Villana riconosciuta (1783 Napoli Fo) [ La villanella rapita ]
Oreste ( August 13, 1783 Napoli SC)
Chi dell'altrui si veste presto si spoglia (1783 Napoli F) [ Nina e Martuffo ]
Il vecchio burlato (1783 Venezia) [? ]
I matrimoni impensati ( carn. 1784 Roma V) [ La Greca bella ]
L' apparenza inganna, o sia La villeggiatura ( pron. 1784 Napoli F)
La vanità delusa ( pron. 1784 Firenze P) [ Il mercato di Malmantile ]
L' Olimpiade ( July 10, 1784 Vicenza)
I due supposti conti, ossia Lo sposo senza moglie ( aut 1784 Milano S) [ Lo sposo ridicolo ]
Artaserse ( December 26, 1784 Torino TR)
Il barone burlato (1784 Napoli N) [ rev. Il pittor parigino ] [ F. Cipolla ]
Li Finti conti ( pron. 1785 Torino, Gallo - Ughetti ) [? ]
I fratelli papa mosche ( pron. 1785 Torino, Gallo - Ughetti ) [? ]
Le statue parlante ( 1785 Correggio ) [? ]
Il marito disperato ( 1785 Napoli F) [ Il marito geloso; The punished jealousy ]
La donna semper al suo peggior s'appiglia ( 1785 Napoli N)
Il credulo ( carn. 1786 Napoli N) [ La baronessa Stramba; Il credulo deluso ]
Le trame deluse (1786 Napoli N) [ L' amor contrastato; Li raggiri scoperti ]
L'impresario in angustie (1786 Napoli N) [ The theatrical adventure ]
La baronessa Stramba (1786 Napoli N) [ rev. I matrimoni in ballo ] [ Il credulo ]
Gli amanti alla prova (1786 Napoli) [? ]
L' impostore punito ( 1786/7 Torino C) [? ]
Volodimiro ( carn. 1787 Torino TR)
Il fanatico burlato (1787 Napoli Fo) [ La burla felice; The needle -addicted citizens ]
La felicità inaspettata ( 3.1788 St. Petersburg E)
La vergine del sole (1788 St. Petersburg E;? November 6, 1789 St. Petersburg BK)
La scuffiara (1788 ) [? ]
La Cleopatra ( October 8, 1789 St. Petersburg E) [ Cleopatra e Marc'Antonio ]
Il matrimonio segreto ( February 7, 1792 Vienna B)
Sophie et Dorval () [ rev. Il matrimonio segreto ]
Il matrimonio per susurro () [ ?]
La calamita dei cuori ( 1792/3 Vienna B) [? ]
Contrattempi (1793 Bonn) [? ]
Amor Rende sagace ( April 1, 1793 Vienna B)
I traci amanti ( June 19, 1793 Napoli N) [ Il padre alla moda, ossia Lo Sbarco di Mustanzir Bassa; Gli amanti turchi; Les amants Turcs ]
Le astuzie femminili ( August 26, 1794 Napoli F)
La pupilla astuta (1794 Napoli Fo) [? ]
La serva innamorata (1794 Napoli F) [? ]
Penelope ( 1795 carn. Napoli Fo)
Le nozze in garbuglio (1795 Messina)
L' impegno superato (1795 Napoli Fo)
La finta ammalata (1796 Lisboa )
I nemici gene rosi ( carn. 1796 Roma V) [ Il duello by complimento ]
Gli Orazi ed i Curiazi ( carn. 1797 Venezia F)
La morte di Assalonne (? Firenze, Oratorio ) [ rev. Gli Orazi ed i Curiazi ]
Achille all'assedio di Troy ( carn. 1797 Roma A)
L' imprudente fortunato ( carn. 1797 Roma V)
Regina di Artemisia Caria ( Sum. 1797 Napoli SC)
Attilio Regolo ( Reggio carn. 1797 ) [? ]
Le nozze di Lauretta (1797? Torino) [? ]
L' apprensivo raggirato (1798 Napoli F)
Il secreto ( aut 1798 Torino C)
Semiramide (1799 Napoli F) [? ]
Il conte di bell'amore () [ ?]
L' arte contro l' arte ( carn. 1800 Alexandria ) [? ]
Artemisia ( 1801 carn. Venezia F)
Il nuovo podestà ( pron. 1802 Bologna) [? ]
Tiro Vespasian (1821 Lisboa ) [? ]
La discordia fortunata () [ ?]
L' ajo nell'imbarazzo () [ ?]
Le donne vendicate () [ ?]
Il cavalier del dente () [ ?]
La Molinara ( inc) [? ]

Others

After Cimarosa the pumped storage power plant Domenico Cimarosa was named.

Italy Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor Symphony Presenzano Hydroelectric Plant Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart Integrated Authority File

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