Double church

A double church in the narrower sense is a building in which two separate churches are housed. Double Churches have arisen for different reasons and in different forms.

  • 2.1 located in a common building Double Churches 2.1.1 Germany
  • 2.1.2 Italy
  • 2.1.3 Austria
  • 2.1.4 Poland
  • 2.1.5 France

Forms of double church

Spatial separation in a building

The main reason for the formation of binary churches was usually the spatial separation of two church premises because of a different rite in worship (for example, in the 11th and 12th centuries ). Another reason was the separation of collegiate or monastic church and parish church.

During the Reformation, some double churches were built by the previous church was divided by a partition into two churches - one for the Roman Catholic church, the other for the evangelical community. If both communities share the same church room, one speaks of an interdenominational church - Germany's oldest is St. Peter's Cathedral in Bautzen. A special form is the baroque church of St. Lawrence in Dirmstein that brings together under one roof since the completion in 1746 separate and completely differently designed rooms for both denominations.

Neighboring churches

Another church plant, which is referred to as a double church, are immediately adjacent churches (often) the same denomination. These are usually medieval in origin and are found mainly in urban areas.

The reason for this system was usually the spatial separation of the congregation or monastery church of the (or the ) associated parish church ( s). After the secularization and the associated liberalization of many pins they were - often very lavish - Churches often taken over by the parishes, while the - usually much smaller - ancient parish churches were demolished. Some examples, however, have obtained (see below).

In the wake of historic preservation remodeling the interior cities of the profile of the outer walls of the former parish churches was occasionally let into the pavement. For example, before the east choir of the Bonn Minster, where the location of the former St. Gangolf Church can be seen.

Differentiation from double chapel

As Double Churches in the broader sense is also called the double chapels. These - mostly built in the Romanesque style - houses of worship have - in contrast to the double church in the narrower sense - two related sacred spaces that are often connected to each other by an extended bottom opening of the upper chapel. So can take place in two rooms, a common worship.

Examples of Double Churches

Located in a common building Double Churches

Germany

  • Dirmstein: Laurentius Church
  • Dresden: Garrison Church
  • Dorsheim: provided with a partition simultaneous former Church of St. Lawrence
  • Freiburg im Breisgau: (St. - ) Mary Magdalene Church in sewage farm area
  • Double Church Althaldensleben, Haldensleben
  • Walloon - Dutch Church, Hanau
  • Kaub: Trinity Church / St. Nicholas
  • Church Lettgenbrunn
  • Mannheim: Christ Church, Konkordienkirche
  • Marburg: Ecumenical Center on the Richtsberg
  • Neustadt on the Wine Route: Collegiate Church
  • Schwarzrheindorf: St. Mary and Clemens
  • Vetschau / Spreewald: Wendish - German double church
  • Wasserburg am Inn
  • Wilnsdorf: Parish Church of St. John the Baptist

Italy

  • Assisi / Italy: Double church of San Francesco to the grave
  • Verona: San Fermo Maggiore

Austria

  • Double Church ( Hemmaberg ) / Globasnitz in Carinthia
  • Double Church Haigermoos / Upper Austria
  • Double Church Straden, Styria

Poland

  • Wroclaw: Collegiate Church of the Holy Cross and St. Bartholomew

France

  • Paris: Sainte -Chapelle

Located in adjacent buildings Double Churches

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